Triple Eyewall in Hurricane Juliette

McNoldy, Brian D.

doi:10.1175/bams-85-11-1663

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Several observational and modeling studies have shown the development of double eyewalls and significant intensity changes during the life cycles of many TCs, with dual VMAXs during the eyewall replacement process (Willoughby et al 1982;Blackwell 2000;McNoldy 2004;Zhu et al 2004;Kossin and Sitkowski 2009). This double-eyewall pattern often lasts only for a few hours, and it is usually accompanied by a gradual contraction of the outer eyewall and dissipation of the inner eyewall with considerable fluctuations in intensity (i.e., in PMIN and VMAX; see Willoughby et al 1982;Black and Willoughby 1992).…”

Section: Effects Of Double Eyewalls and Tc Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

An Examination of the Pressure–Wind Relationship for Intense Tropical Cyclones

Kieu

Chen

Zhang

2010

Weather and Forecasting

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, the dynamical constraints underlining the pressure-wind relationship (PWR) for intense tropical cyclones (TCs) are examined with the particular focus on the physical connections between the maximum surface wind (VMAX) and the minimum sea level pressure (PMIN). Use of the Rankine vortex demonstrates that the frictional forcing in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) could explain a sizeable portion of the linear contributions of VMAX to pressure drops. This contribution becomes increasingly important for intense TCs with small eye sizes, in which the radial inflows in the PBL could no longer be neglected. Furthermore, the inclusion of the tangential wind tendency can make an additional contribution to the pressure drops when coupled with the surface friction.An examination of the double-eyewall configuration reveals that the formation of an outer eyewall or wellorganized spiral rainbands complicates the PWR. An analysis of a cloud-resolving simulation of Hurricane Wilma (2005) shows that the outer eyewall could result in the continuous deepening of PMIN even with a constant VMAX. The results presented here suggest that (i) the TC size should be coupled with VMAX rather than being treated as an independent predictor as in the current PWRs, (ii) the TC intensity change should be at least coupled linearly with the radius of VMAX, and (iii) the radial wind in the PBL is of equal importance to the linear contribution of VMAX and its impact should be included in the PWR.

show abstract

Section: Effects Of Double Eyewalls and Tc Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

An Examination of the Pressure–Wind Relationship for Intense Tropical Cyclones

Kieu

Chen

Zhang

2010

Weather and Forecasting

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Their results indicate that only half (51%) of CE formation cases follow the intensity change pattern of the ERC, where the intensity increases 24 h before CE formation and then weakens in the next 24 h. The rest of the cases do not follow the ERC-they often possess a larger moat size and their inner eyewalls are still identifiable for 24 h or longer. Hawkins and Helveston (2008) gave examples of different modes of CE structure, including the ERC (Black and Willoughby 1992), triple eyewalls (McNoldy 2004), ERCs that are repeated multiple times, ERCs that are interrupted by vertical shear and landfall, and cases where an outer eyewall forms at a large radius and remains in a CE structure for a long period of time. The different CE modes appear to have profound impacts on intensity and structural forecasts and warrant more quantitative analysis and documentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Intensity Changes of Concentric Eyewall Typhoons in the Western North Pacific Basin

Yang

Kuo

Hendricks

et al. 2013

Monthly Weather Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An objective method is developed to identify concentric eyewalls (CEs) for typhoons using passive microwave satellite imagery from 1997 to 2011 in the western North Pacific basin. Three CE types are identified: a CE with an eyewall replacement cycle (ERC; 37 cases), a CE with no replacement cycle (NRC; 17 cases), and a CE that is maintained for an extended period (CEM; 16 cases). The inner eyewall (outer eyewall) of the ERC (NRC) type dissipates within 20 h after CE formation. The CEM type has its CE structure maintained for more than 20 h (mean duration time is 31 h). Structural and intensity changes of CE typhoons are demonstrated using a T-Vmax diagram (where T is the brightness temperature and Vmax is the best-track estimated intensity) for a time sequence of the intensity and convective activity (CA) relationship. While the intensity of typhoons in the ERC and CEM cases weakens after CE formation, the CA is maintained or increases. In contrast, the CA weakens in the NRC cases. The NRC (CEM) cases typically have fast (slow) northward translational speeds and encounter large (small) vertical shear and low (high) sea surface temperatures. The CEM cases have a relatively high intensity (63 m s 21 ), and the moat size (61 km) and outer eyewall width (70 km) are approximately 50% larger than the other two categories. Both the internal dynamics and environmental conditions are important in the CEM cases, while the NRC cases are heavily influenced by the environment. The ERC cases may be dominated by the internal dynamics because of more uniform environmental conditions.

show abstract

“…An echo-free moat and a saddleshaped wind profile were situated between each pair of concentric eyewalls. Good examples of the primary, secondary, and tertiary tangential wind maxima within concentric eyewalls were also provided in McNoldy (2004) and Sitkowski et al (2011), which displayed flight-level tangential wind profiles observed by aircraft in Hurricanes Juliette (2001) and Frances (2004), respectively. According to Sitkowski et al (2011), several TCs exhibiting multiple wind maxima show evidence of multiple ERCs.…”

Section: Partitioned Pressure-wind Profilesmentioning

confidence: 91%

A New Parametric Tropical Cyclone Tangential Wind Profile Model

Wood¹,

White²,

Willoughby³

et al. 2013

Monthly Weather Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A new parametric tropical cyclone (TC) wind profile model is presented for depicting representative surface pressure profiles corresponding to multiple-maxima wind profiles that exhibit single-, dual-, and triplemaximum concentric-eyewall wind peaks associated with the primary (inner), secondary (first outer), and tertiary (second outer) complete rings of enhanced radar reflectivity. One profile employs five key parameters: tangential velocity maximum, radius of the maximum, and three different shape velocity parameters related to the shape of the profile. After tailoring the model for TC applications, a gradient wind is computed from a cyclostrophic wind formulated in terms of the cyclostrophic Rossby number. A pressure, via cyclostrophic balance, was partitioned into separate pressure components that corresponded to multiple-maxima cyclostrophic wind profiles in order to quantitatively evaluate the significant fluctuations in central pressure deficits. The model TC intensity in terms of varying growth, size, and decay velocity profiles was analyzed in relation to changing each of five key parameters. Analytical results show that the first shape velocity parameter, changing a sharply to broadly peaked wind profile, increases the TC intensity and size by producing the corresponding central pressure fall. An increase (decrease) in the second (third) shape velocity parameter yields the pressure rise (fall) by decreasing (increasing) the inner (outer) wind profile inside (outside) the radius of the maximum. When a single-maximum tangential wind profile evolves to multiple-maxima tangential wind profiles during an eye replacement cycle, the pressure falls and rises are sensitively fluctuated.

show abstract

Triple Eyewall in Hurricane Juliette

Cited by 25 publications

References 6 publications

An Examination of the Pressure–Wind Relationship for Intense Tropical Cyclones

An Examination of the Pressure–Wind Relationship for Intense Tropical Cyclones

Structural and Intensity Changes of Concentric Eyewall Typhoons in the Western North Pacific Basin

A New Parametric Tropical Cyclone Tangential Wind Profile Model

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About