Triphala Exhibits Anti-Arthritic Effect by Ameliorating Bone and Cartilage Degradation in Adjuvant-Induced Arthritic Rats

Abstract

The present study was aimed to investigate the anti-arthritic effect of triphala and its underlying mechanism on adjuvant-induced rat model. For comparison purpose, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin was used. Arthritis was induced by intradermal injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (0.1 ml) into the right hind paw of the Wistar albino rats. Triphala (100 mg/kg body weight [bwt]) was administered intraperitoneally (from 11th to 20th day) after the arthritis induction. Arthritis induction increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (LPO and NO), elastase, and mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-β, IL-17, IL-6 and MCP-1), inflammatory marker enzymes (iNOS and COX-2), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), and transcription factors (NF-kB p65 and AP-1) in the paw tissues of rats. The levels of bone collagen were found to decrease with increased urinary constituents (hydroxyproline and total glycosaminoglycans) in arthritic rats. In addition, the immunohistochemistry analysis revealed increased expression of NF-kBp65 and COX-2 in the paw tissues of arthritic rats. However, administration of triphala significantly inhibited the biochemical and molecular alterations in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats compared to indomethacin (3 mg/kg bwt) as evidenced by the radiological and histopathological analysis. In conclusion, our results suggest that triphala administration ameliorate bone and cartilage degradation during rheumatoid arthritis.

Pharmacological effects of Chatuphalatika in hyperuricemia of gout

“…Therefore, inhibition of these cytokines could be a promising anti-inflammation strategy. The anti-inflammatory effects of the combination of P. emblica , T. belerica and T. chebula in equal proportions, known as triphala, have been reported to inhibit expression of cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, VEGF, MCP-1 and PGE2 in in vivo experimental gouty arthritis in rats (Kalaiselvan and Rasool 2015 ). Consistently, in this study, CTPT extract exhibited anti-inflammatory effects by significantly reducing the mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators, e.g., TNF-α and iNOS, in RAW264.7 cells.…”

“…CTPT has a composition similar to triphala, which has been shown to be beneficial for gouty arthritis (Naik et al. 2006 ; Sabina and Rasool 2008 ; Kalaiselvan and Rasool 2015 ). We have reported the pharmacological mechanisms associated with triphala (Sato et al.…”

Allylpyrocatechol Attenuates Collagen-Induced Arthritis via Attenuation of Oxidative Stress Secondary to Modulation of the MAPK, JAK/STAT, and Nrf2/HO-1 Pathways

“…4C) was decreased by APC, and corroborated its free radical-scavenging activity (Srimani et al, 2009;Mitra et al, 2016). Other natural polyphenols like isorhamnetin, coumarin, Triphala, and Vitamin-E also demonstrated enhanced free radical-scavenging activity (Hemshekhar et al, 2013;Kalaiselvan and Rasool, 2015;Rossato et al, 2015;Wang and Zhong, 2015).…”

Multiple Targets Directed Multiple Ligands: An In Silico and In Vitro Approach to Evaluating the Effect of Triphala on Angiogenesis

“…THL herbal formulation exerts promising anti-inflammatory activity by downregulating production of the inflammatory enzyme COX-2 [32,33]. In addition to this, chebulagic acid, a constituent of THL, has been reported to inhibit COX and 5-LOX [16].…”