Trimethoprim resistance

Huovinen, Pentti

doi:10.1128/aac.31.10.1451

Cited by 101 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…In many bacteria, it has been shown that high level trimethoprim resistance is mediated by plasmid-encoded dihydrofolate reductases (DHFR) [8][9][10][11]. Recently, additional DHFRs have also been described [12][13][14][15]. Analysis of drug-resistance patterns of S. dysenteriae 1 isolates obtained from widely scattered geographical locations indicated that 281 of 343 strains were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in combination with other drugs [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trimethoprim resistance gene inShigella dysenteriae1 isolates obtained from widely scattered locations of Asia

Haider

Chatkaeomorakot

et al. 1990

Epidemiol. Infect.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trimethoprim resistance gene inShigella dysenteriae1 isolates obtained from widely scattered locations of Asia

Haider

Chatkaeomorakot

et al. 1990

Epidemiol. Infect.

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“…Generally, bacterial resistance to trimethoprim is mediated by the following five main mechanisms: (i) a permeability barrier (1,11), (ii) a naturally insensitive intrinsic DHFR (1), (iii) spontaneous mutations in the intrinsic DHFR (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17), (iv) increased production of the sensitive target enzyme by upregulation of gene expression or gene duplication (18), and (v) horizontal acquisition (plasmid mediated or conjugation) of dfr genes that encode resistant DHFRs. Only a few horizontally transmissible dfr genes have been identified so far in Gram-positive bacteria (Table 1).…”

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confidence: 99%

Factors That Cause Trimethoprim Resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes

Bergmann

Linden

Chhatwal

et al. 2014

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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bThe use of trimethoprim in treatment of Streptococcus pyogenes infections has long been discouraged because it has been widely believed that this pathogen is resistant to this antibiotic. To gain more insight into the extent and molecular basis of trimethoprim resistance in S. pyogenes, we tested isolates from India and Germany and sought the factors that conferred the resistance. Resistant isolates were identified in tests for trimethoprim or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT) susceptibility. Resistant isolates were screened for the known horizontally transferable trimethoprim-insensitive dihydrofolate reductase (dfr) genes dfrG, dfrF, dfrA, dfrD, and dfrK. The nucleotide sequence of the intrinsic dfr gene was determined for resistant isolates lacking the horizontally transferable genes. Based on tentative criteria, 69 out of 268 isolates (25.7%) from India were resistant to trimethoprim. Occurring in 42 of the 69 resistant isolates (60.9%), dfrF appeared more frequently than dfrG (23 isolates; 33.3%) in India. The dfrF gene was also present in a collection of SXT-resistant isolates from Germany, in which it was the only detected trimethoprim resistance factor. The dfrF gene caused resistance in 4 out of 5 trimethoprim-resistant isolates from the German collection. An amino acid substitution in the intrinsic dihydrofolate reductase known from trimethoprim-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae conferred resistance to S. pyogenes isolates of emm type 102.2, which lacked other aforementioned dfr genes. Trimethoprim may be more useful in treatment of S. pyogenes infections than previously thought. However, the factors described herein may lead to the rapid development and spread of resistance of S. pyogenes to this antibiotic agent.

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“…Resistance of almost Lactobacillus strains tested except for L. plantarum subsp.plantarum P-8 to trimethoprime was considered to be due to a trimethoprime-insensitive dehydrofolate reductase [35]. The results to the protein synthesis inhibitor showed that L. casei ATCC 334 was resistant to erythromycin whereas rests were susceptible to this drug.…”

Section: Resistance To Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Probitoic Potential of Lactobacillus Strains From Fermented Foods and Feaces of Infants

Le¹,

Hương²

2016

JST

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Lactobacillus strains are a major part of the probiotics, microflora of the intestine and of fermented foods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential probiotics of six Lactobacillus strains (L. fermentum 39-183; L. plantarum subsp.plantarum P-8; L. casei ATCC 334; L. rhamnosus ATCC 8530, L. brevis KB 290 and L. fermentum JMC 7776). Probiotic properties such as acid tolerance, bile resistance, bacteriocin-like activity, cell surface hydrophobicity and antibiotic resistance were assessed. In vitro results obtained showed that all Lactobacillus strains tested were able to meet the basic requirements for probiotic functions as they demonstrated probiotic characteristics such as tolerance to pH 2.0 and 2% bile salt. All Lactobacillus strains inhibited the growth of E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Typhi. Among strains tested, L. plantarum subsp.plantarum P-8 showing inhibitory is very promising with inhibition zone ranging between 6.5 to 12.7 mm. The results for cell surface hydrophobicity and susceptibility against antibiotics also showed that L. fermentum JMC 7776 and L. plantarum subsp.plantarum P-8 had higher cell surface hydrophobicity than the rests. All Lactobacillus tested were resistant to vancomycin and susceptible to streptomycin. The results obtained in this investigation will be used to select potentially probiotic strains for in vivo study.

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Trimethoprim resistance

Cited by 101 publications

References 95 publications

Trimethoprim resistance gene inShigella dysenteriae1 isolates obtained from widely scattered locations of Asia

Trimethoprim resistance gene inShigella dysenteriae1 isolates obtained from widely scattered locations of Asia

Factors That Cause Trimethoprim Resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes

Evaluation of Probitoic Potential of Lactobacillus Strains From Fermented Foods and Feaces of Infants

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