Trilobites of trinucleid, raphiophorid and cyclopygid associations from the Ordovician (Darriwilian – early Katian) of the west Balkhash region and Betpak‐Dala, Central Kazakhstan

Pour, Mansoureh Ghobadi

doi:10.1002/spp2.1459

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(119 reference statements)

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“…2004; Cocks & Torsvik 2021). For instance, several raphiophorid trilobite genera ( Ampyxella , Ampyxina , Ampyxoides and Raymondella ) were mainly distributed in the Laurentia–Baltica–Siberia region during the Late Ordovician (Ghobadi Pour 2022).…”

Section: Palaeogeographical Positions Of the Qilian Terrane And Adjac...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Katian (Late Ordovician) trilobites of the North Qilian Mountains and their palaeogeographical implications for the Proto‐Tethys Archipelagic Ocean

Wei,

Luan,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Papers in Palaeontology

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Trilobites from the middle Koumenzi Formation (Katian, Upper Ordovician) of the North Qilian Mountains, Menyuan, northeastern Qinghai Province are systematically documented for the first time. The fauna consists of five families, seven genera and seven species, one of which is new (Remopleurides zhangi), showing a close relationship to those of the Kazakh terranes (such as the Chu‐Ili terrane, Chingiz‐Tarbagatai area and the Karatau‐Naryn and North‐Tien Shan microcontinents), and the North China and Laurentia palaeoplates during the Katian (Late Ordovician). The cluster and non‐metric multidimensional scaling analyses of the Middle–Late Ordovician (late Darriwilian–Katian) trilobite faunas with 299 genera or subgenera from 46 horizons of 37 areas, provide valuable information for the palaeogeographical reconstruction of the Proto‐Tethys Archipelagic Ocean (PTAO) of this interval. The Qilian terrane and adjacent areas are essential components of the PTAO, some of which include the Qilian terrane, the North Qilian Mountains area, the Altun faulted terrane, the Hexi Corridor area and the East Qinling terrane. Their relative positions in the PTAO are inferred by the palaeobiogeography of trilobite faunas. Furthermore, based on discussions of the spatiotemporal distribution of those faunas, the Pliomerina and/or Sinocybele Province of the Middle–Late Ordovician (late Darriwilian–Katian) age is defined as a trilobite faunal province of the PTAO. Moreover, a distinct faunal subprovince, essentially comprising the South China Palaeoplate and its neighbours (e.g. Tarim, Annamia, Sibuma, East Qinling, Turkestan‐Alai and probably Talesh), might be surrounded by the equatorial cold‐water tongue.

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Section: Palaeogeographical Positions Of the Qilian Terrane And Adjac...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2018) until the middle Katian (Ghobadi Pour et al . 2009, p. 346). South China, Tarim, Annamia, Sibuma, East Qinling, Turkestan‐Alai, and probably Talesh were affected by the equatorial cold‐water tongue to form a distinct faunal subprovince.…”

Section: Trilobite Faunal Province Of the Ptao During The Late Darriw...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Katian (Late Ordovician) trilobites of the North Qilian Mountains and their palaeogeographical implications for the Proto‐Tethys Archipelagic Ocean

Wei,

Luan,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Papers in Palaeontology

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“…Since Kobayashi (1940Kobayashi ( , 1951, numerous authors agree on the palaeobiogeographic value of Taihungshania (Zhou and Dean, 1989;Fortey and Cocks, 2003;Ghobadi Pour et al, 2009, 2011Gutiérrez-Marco et al, 2017) as a proxy for discussing the faunal affinities and relative arrangement of some terranes on the south of the Rheic ocean during the Ordovician.…”

Section: The Taihungshania Bioprovincementioning

confidence: 99%

Lower Ordovician Trilobites from SE Sardinia (Italy): A new record of the “Taihungshania bioprovince”

Pillola

Vidal

2023

Geobios

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“…In comparison, trinucleids appear to have lived in predominantly deeper waters, having often lost the visual structures (Hughes et al, 1975). Trinucleids are frequently found in black shales and fine sandstones (Miller, 1972; Fortey and Gutiérrez-Marco, 2022), though some might have lived slightly shallower (Waisfeld et al, 2011), or are preserved in distal turbidites (Ghobadi Pour, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrodynamic function of genal prolongations in trinucleimorph trilobites revealed by computational fluid dynamics

Pates,

Drage

2024

Preprint

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Trilobites, a diverse clade of Palaeozoic arthropods, repeatedly converged on the trinucleimorph morphology. Trinucleimorphs possessed vaulted cephala with a broad anterior fringe and prominent posteriorly orientated genal prolongations. Various functional hypotheses have been proposed for the fringe, however the possible function of the genal prolongations has received less attention. Here we use a computational fluid dynamics approach to test whether these prolongations served a hydrodynamic function: generating negative lift to allow trinucleimorphs to remain in place on the seafloor and prevent overturning within fast flowing water. We simulated the performance of cephala with broad, narrow, and absent genal prolongations in a benthic environment with flow speeds ranging from 0.05 to 0.5 m s-1, in two cephalic postures. The first posture had the anterior of the cephalon parallel to the seafloor, while for the second the genal prolongations were parallel to the seafloor. Posture and presence of genal prolongations were found to be important for generating negative lift, with performance improving under faster flow speeds. No significant difference between narrow and broad genal prolongations was detected. This study provides support for genal prolongations serving a hydrodynamic function, similar to the femurs of some insect larvae, however, it does not preclude prolongations also serving additional functions as snowshoes or antipredatory deterrents.

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Trilobites of trinucleid, raphiophorid and cyclopygid associations from the Ordovician (Darriwilian – early Katian) of the west Balkhash region and Betpak‐Dala, Central Kazakhstan

Cited by 5 publications

References 60 publications

Katian (Late Ordovician) trilobites of the North Qilian Mountains and their palaeogeographical implications for the Proto‐Tethys Archipelagic Ocean

Katian (Late Ordovician) trilobites of the North Qilian Mountains and their palaeogeographical implications for the Proto‐Tethys Archipelagic Ocean

Lower Ordovician Trilobites from SE Sardinia (Italy): A new record of the “Taihungshania bioprovince”

Hydrodynamic function of genal prolongations in trinucleimorph trilobites revealed by computational fluid dynamics

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