Trilinolein Preserves Mitochondria Ultrastructure in Isolated Rat Heart Subjected to Global Ischemia through Antioxidant Activity as Measured by Chemiluminescence

Abstract

Oxygen-derived free radicals (OFR) have been proposed as the cause of myocardial damage through lipid peroxidation during ischemia and reperfusion. Antioxidants can effectively ameliorate the damage induced by lipid peroxidation. Trilinolein is a triacylglycerol recently purified from the well known traditional Chinese herb Panax pseudoginseng, which has been used in treating circulatory disorders among Chinese for hundreds of years; it has linoleate as the only fatty acid residue in all three esterified positions of glycerol. This chemical has recently been demonstrated to have antioxidant activity by enhanced chemiluminescence. The addition of phorbol myristic acetate (PMA) to medium containing leukocytes produces OFR; this phenomenon was measured by chemiluminescence. Addition of trilinolein to medium containing leukocytes preceding the addition of PMA suppressed the production of OFR. The control value of chemiluminescence of a medium containing leukocytes with addition of PMA was 9.23 ± 1.19 × 10³ mV. The most effective concentration of trilinolein was 10^–7 mol/l which decreased the signals to 4.59 ± 0.02 × 10³ mV (p < 0.001). The antioxidant effect had a concentration-response curve similar to α-tocopherol. After pretreatment for 15 min with trilinolein at a concentration of 10^–7 mol/l in isolated perfused rat heart which had been subjected to 60 min of global ischemia, the integrity of the rat heart mitochondria was preserved as examined under the electron microscope. No swelling of mitochondria occurred and there was good alignment of cristae and absence of amorphous density. Previous experiments have shown that trilinolein can also improve erythrocyte deformability in vitro. Infarct size reduction of about 50% was also demonstrated in in vivo rat heart subjected to 4 h coronary occlusion. The mechanism of myocardial protection, in addition to the antioxidant effect, is suggested as maintaining the membrane fluidity of cardiomyocytes.

Isolation and characterization of mitochondria from goat hearts

“…state disintegration of mitochonddal membrane and cdstae can be seen (Fig. lc), which was also observed in other studies (31,33). Our study showed lower yields of protein in the ischemic state as compared to control, which was also a finding of Jennings and Ganote (31).…”

Effect of Trilinolein on Superoxide Dismutase Activity and Left Ventricular Pressure in Isolated Rat Hearts Subjected to Hypoxia and Normoxic Perfusion

“…85-23. revised 1985]. This model has been described in detail elsewhere [11,13]. In brief, adult male Wistar rats (250-350 g) were heparinized (250 IU/kg) and anesthetized with 50 mg/kg pentobarbital intraperitoneally.…”

“…a triacylglycerol recently puri fied from the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Panax pseudo-ginseng (Burk F.H. Chen), has been found to have potent antioxi dant activity and myocardial protective ef fects [10][11][12], Data concerning the changes in SOD activity during different periods ofhypoxia with or without subsequent normoxic perfusion are inconclusive. This study was undertaken to examine the changes in the activity of the two forms of SOD in an iso lated rat heart model during different modes of hypoxic or hvpoxic/normoxic perfusion and to determine whether the natural plant antioxidant, trilinolein, affects left ventricular performance and the changes in SOD during these procedures.…”

The Inhibitory Effect of Trilinolein on Norepinephrine-Induced &beta;-Myosin Heavy Chain Promoter Activity, Reactive Oxygen Species Generation, and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Phosphorylation in Neonatal Rat Cardiomyocytes

“…Trilinolein exhibited concentration-dependent antioxidant activity at concentrations of between 0.1 nM and 1 ÌM, with a maximal free radical reduction of 48.0%, whereas trolox, a water-soluble analogue of vitamin E, showed a maximal mean reduction of 39.2% [4]. Similar to that of ·-tocopherol, trilinolein was previously reported to produce an antioxidant activity in a concentration-dependent manner [5]. In rat hearts pretreated with 0.1 ÌM trilinolein and subjected to 60 min of hypoxia, Cu,Zn-SOD activity was increased compared with baseline or with hearts subjected to 60 min of hypoxia without trilinolein [6].…”

“…Trilinolein has various beneficial effects, including the ability to reduce thrombogenicity, erythrocyte deformability, and arrhythmias, and it has been shown to possesses antioxidant activity in various experimental models [7]. The antioxidant effects of trilinolein produce a concentration-response curve similar to that of ·-tocopherol [5]. The myocardial protective effect of trilinolein is thought to be related to antioxidant activity through potentiation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) [6].…”