Trihexyphenidyl for dystonia in cerebral palsy

Harvey, Adrienne; Baker, Louise; Reddihough, Dinah; Scheinberg, Adam; Williams, Katrina

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012430.pub2

Cited by 21 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A Cochrane review on the use of trihexyphenidyl in people with dystonia and cerebral palsy found insufficient evidence (based on a single randomized study on 16 children) regarding its effectiveness for reducing dystonia, or improving upper limb function. 31 Although there was low-quality evidence that the drug may improve participation in activities of daily living, yet there was an increased risk of adverse effects such as agitation, constipation, dry mouth, and poor sleep. 31 A recent systematic review of pharmacologic and neurosurgical interventions for managing dystonia in cerebral palsy concluded that trihexyphenidyl may have little or no effect on dystonia, motor function, ease of caregiving, individualized goal achievement, and quality of life and may increase the risk of adverse events (based on 1 randomized and 6 nonrandomized studies).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…31 Although there was low-quality evidence that the drug may improve participation in activities of daily living, yet there was an increased risk of adverse effects such as agitation, constipation, dry mouth, and poor sleep. 31 A recent systematic review of pharmacologic and neurosurgical interventions for managing dystonia in cerebral palsy concluded that trihexyphenidyl may have little or no effect on dystonia, motor function, ease of caregiving, individualized goal achievement, and quality of life and may increase the risk of adverse events (based on 1 randomized and 6 nonrandomized studies). 32 The benefits of trihexyphenidyl are often not dramatic and may take several days to be fully effective.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Status Dystonicus in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study and Review of Literature

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Status dystonicus is a life-threatening, underrecognized movement disorder emergency. We aimed to ascertain the etiology, clinical presentation, complications, and outcomes of status dystonicus in children and reviewed the literature for similar studies. Methods: Records of all children aged <14 years admitted to a single center with status dystonicus between 2014 and 2018 were reviewed. Results: Twenty-four children (75% male) were identified with status dystonicus. The annual incidence rate was 0.05 per 1000 new admissions <12 years of age. The mean age at presentation was 6.3 ± 3.6 years. Median duration of hospital stay was 10.5 days (interquartile range 5-21.7). The severity of dystonia at presentation was grade 3 (n = 9; 37.5%) and 4 (n = 9; 37.5%). The most common triggering factor was intercurrent illness/infection (n = 18; 75%). The most common underlying etiologies were cerebral palsy (n = 8; 33.3%), complicated tubercular meningitis (n = 3; 12.5%), and mitochondrial disorders (n = 3; 12.5%). Basal ganglia involvement was seen in 15 cases (62.5%). Respiratory and/or bulbar compromise (n = 20; 83.3%) and rhabdomyolysis (n = 15; 62.5%) were most commonly seen. Oral trihexyphenidyl (96%) followed by oral or intravenous diazepam (71%), oral baclofen (67%), and midazolam infusion (54%) were the most common drugs used. Clonidine was used in 33% cases, without any significant side effects. Three children died owing to refractory status dystonicus and its complications; the mortality rate was 12.5%. Conclusion Status dystonicus is a neurologic emergency in children with severe dystonia, with significant complications and a high mortality rate. Static and acquired disorders are more common than heredo-familial causes. Identification and treatment of infection in children is important as the majority of cases are triggered by an intercurrent infection.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status Dystonicus in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study and Review of Literature

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There is controversy regarding the prevalence of CP, as it is considered the most common cause of childhood physical disability, in the United States it can be found to have a prevalence of 1.5 to 3.8 per 1000 live births [18,19] . While in the United Kingdom a prevalence of 186 per 100, 000 inhabitants has been identified [20] , according to authors in Europe the incidence of CP is 2 to 3 per 1000 births [21] . Other authors report that this pediatric motor disability occurs in two to four out of every 1000 children [22] .…”

Section: Prevalence Of Cerebral Palsymentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2021

Int. J. Appl. Dent. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Cerebral palsy is a group of permanent disorders that affect movement development and result in activity limitation, it is considered the most common cause of childhood disability. Objective: To analyze the literature on cerebral palsy, from an odontological point of view. Methodology: Using the keywords "cerebral palsy", "etiology", "prevalence", "oral manifestations" and "clinical management", the MEDLINE/PubMed and Science Direct databases were searched, with emphasis on the last 5 years. It was evaluated with the PRISMA and AMSTAR-2 guidelines. Results: There are multiple factors to explain the etiology of cerebral palsy, in private practice that a patient suffering from cerebral palsy can be very common, if we count that the incidence 2 to 3 people per 1000 births. The oral manifestations that have more incidence in these patients are dental caries and periodontal disease, the care of patients with cerebral palsy is not simple, it requires skill and training by the dentist in charge of the treatment plan, as well as an interdisciplinary management. Conclusions: Patients with cerebral palsy should seek medical and dental care due to the risk that these patients present of developing oral diseases such as caries and periodontal disease, due to the lack of hygiene due to the physical disability they have, the dentist should be trained to provide effective dental care, as well as techniques and skills that promote proper care.

show abstract

“…66 The first-line medication to combat dystonia in people with CP is the oral administration of trihexyphenidyl, often used by clinicians. 67 The study of Li et al expressed that lithium mitigates brain injury by reducing apoptosis and autophagy after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is related to the progression of CP and cognitive disability later in life.…”

Section: Prevention O F Cerebral Palsymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Types, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Cerebral Palsy

Bhattacharjee¹

2021

Indian Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the principal cause of disability in children. It is a neuromuscular disease that occurs due to the lesion in the infant's cerebral motor cortex that is acquired before, at, or within 5 years of birth. Aim and objective: The purpose of this review is to inform the persons who are working on rehabilitation services, doctors, and well-wishers of disabled children to reduce their problems by diagnosing the type of CP and by using suitable bioactive molecules, antioxidants, chemicals, and different therapies. Materials and methods: Eligible articles of various journals which are obtained from the Internet were studied very carefully to establish the results of types, risk factors, diagnosis, and the management of CP. Results: Total 76 reviews or research-based journal articles were reviewed. Among them, 28 were correlated with diagnosis, 7 were related with risk factors, 6 were associated with diagnosis, 20 were linked with the prevention, and the rest 15 articles were connected with the introductory part of CP. Conclusion:The findings of this article emphasize describing the types, risk factors, types, correct diagnosis methods, and treatment processes of CP.

show abstract

Trihexyphenidyl for dystonia in cerebral palsy

Cited by 21 publications

References 30 publications

Status Dystonicus in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study and Review of Literature

Status Dystonicus in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study and Review of Literature

Untitled

A Review on the Types, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Cerebral Palsy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About