Triglycerides, free fatty acids and total bilirubin in horses with left ventral colon impaction

Gomaa, Naglaa; Koeller, G.; Schusser, G. F.

doi:10.21836/pem20090207

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…In the present study, drotaverine treatment induced a decrease in gastrointestinal motility for two hours after administration. This is consistent with findings in previous study [90] which demonstrated that large intestinal motility is restore within 30 minutes while duodenal contractions returned to the normal rate after 120 min of hyoscine-N-butylbromide administration. Other authors [91] found that dipyrone in combination with hyoscine-N-butylbromide relieved pain within 30 seconds after injection and the relief lasted for 50 minutes in ponies, but hyoscine-N-butylbromide alone produced an analgesic effect after injection which lasted for 20 minutes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The Effect of Drotaverine on Gastrointestinal Motility and Heart Rate Variability in Normal, Resting Horses

Anton¹

2023

Preprint

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The impact of a non-anticholinergic spasmolytic drug (drotaverine hydrochloride) on 23 heart rate (HR), HR variability (HRV) and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) motility in the normal, resting 24 horses was determined. Ten adult riding horses had ECG recordings for 180 minutes after treat-25 ment with drotaverine (180 mg) or saline. Horses from the drotaverine group presented a de-26 creased of GIT contraction for two hours after treatment, but also showed drowsiness. Drotaverine 27 caused a reduction in cardiac vagal modulation of HR at T30 (P=0.050) and T60 (P=0.008) compared 28 to those receiving saline. RMSSD and high frequency (HF) recorded significantly low values after 29 drotaverine treatment by the end of the study, suggesting a decrease in parasympathetic activity. 30 HRV analysis indicated that drotaverine decreased both the low frequency (LF) and Lf/HF ratio 31 reflecting a decrease in sympathetic system. Non linear parameters registered low values after 32 drotaverine administration pointing a diminished in parasympathetic (for SD1) and sympathetic 33 (for SD2) activity. Decreased HRV was suggestive for a pervasive state of sympathetic hypervigi-34 lance of horses. The marked effect of drotaverine on HRV and GIT function in horses should be 35 taken into consideration when evaluating a clinical response to this drug in diseases associated 36 with smooth muscle spasm.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The Effect of Drotaverine on Gastrointestinal Motility and Heart Rate Variability in Normal, Resting Horses

Anton¹

2023

Preprint

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“…However, in case of protein loss into the peritoneal cavity, TP may not be a reliable marker of the actual dehydration degree (Taylor 2002). The increased cholesterol and triglycerides were caused by anorexia or food restriction, which leads to fat mobilization; it can also be caused by the stress of pain as shown in colic horses (Gomaa et al 2009). Hyperglycaemia is associated with transportation, stress, pain and acute or severe colic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small intestinal herniation through the broad ligament in a mare outside of the gestation period – a case report

et al. 2018

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A Furioso-North Star mare, aged 8 years, was examined for colic signs. The mare had a history of dystocia and post partum vaginal lacerations, acute endometritis and laminitis approximately one year before the admission for colic. Signs of persistent abdominal pain, moderate distended abdomen, non-passage of manure, fever, tachycardia, tachypnoea, congested mucus membranes, and “toxic line” were recorded. No intestinal borborygmi were present in the four quarters of the abdomen. On rectal examination, the colon, the ventral band of the caecum, the right ovary and the uterine horn were palpated on the right side of the abdomen. The spleen, the nephrosplenic ligament, the left ovary and a firm, distended and painful small intestine (SI) loop were palpated on the left side. The left uterine horn and the adjacent broad ligament were not detectable. Percutaneous abdominal ultrasound evaluation revealed a large amount of fluid in the abdominal cavity, SI distention and absence of peristalsis. Abdominocentesis yielded approximately 20 ml of red-tinged peritoneal fluid with increased mean protein concentration (5.2 mg/dl), white blood cell count (12,550 cells/μl), and lactate (14 mmol/dl). A presumptive diagnosis of SI strangulation was made. Surgical resection of the affected intestinal loops was recommended. Due to poor prognosis and financial limitations, the mare was euthanized. Post mortem macroscopic diagnosis was a herniation of 3 metres of the mid-jejunum through the left mesometrium, resulting in a complete and complicated strangulation. To prevent this type of SI strangulation, we recommend transrectal palpation of the urogenital tract (including the broad ligament) after foaling. If a defect is identified, we recommend flank laparoscopy for correction.

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“…NEFA concentrations in the pregnant and maintenance jennies fed diet 1 ( Table 3 ) were comparable to the horse in the postprandial period after hay ingestion (about 50 μmol/L) [ 21 ] and below the reference range reported for ponies (100–500 μmol/L; Watson et al, 1992 cited by Brinkmann et al [ 19 ]. Moreover, in our study, NEFA levels in the pregnant jennies were below the values obtained by Chiofalo et al [ 20 ] in pregnant Pantesco donkeys (120.21 μmol/L); this difference is likely due to an unbalanced forage/concentrate ratio of the diet and to a negative energetic balance in the study of Chiofalo et al [ 20 ] as also highlighted by the low BCS (mean 2.5).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of the Physiological Status and Diet on Blood Metabolic Parameters in Amiata Dairy Donkeys

Salari

Roncoroni

Altomonte

et al. 2021

Animals

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Body weight changes and blood metabolic parameters in jennies feeding two different diets and in three physiological statuses were investigated (maintenance vs. pregnancy; maintenance vs. lactation). The relationships between blood metabolic profile and milk quality were also evaluated. Fourteen jennies were allocated to two groups (1: pregnant/lactating; 2: non-pregnant, non–lactating). Pregnant jennies and maintenance jennies (during the first 10-week measurement period) fed a diet consisted of ad libitum grass hay (diet 1); lactating jennies and maintenance jennies (during the last 10-week measurement period) fed ad libitum grass hay plus 2 kg/head/day of concentrate (diet 2). Blood sampling was performed on the jennies of both groups; individual milk samples were also collected during the first 70 days in milk. Higher blood NEFA (p < 0.05) were found in pregnant compared to maintenance jennies (diet 1) (68 vs. 37 μmol/L). Lactating jennies showed higher (p < 0.01) average blood NEFA (268 vs. 26 μmol/L) and glucose (66 vs. 55 mg/dL) compared to the maintenance (diet 2). Blood glucose was positively correlated to milk fat (p < 0.05), while negative significant correlations between de novo milk fatty acids and NEFAs were observed. Positive correlations between plasma B-HBA and somatic cell count (p < 0.01) were also found.

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Triglycerides, free fatty acids and total bilirubin in horses with left ventral colon impaction

Cited by 8 publications

References 17 publications

The Effect of Drotaverine on Gastrointestinal Motility and Heart Rate Variability in Normal, Resting Horses

The Effect of Drotaverine on Gastrointestinal Motility and Heart Rate Variability in Normal, Resting Horses

Small intestinal herniation through the broad ligament in a mare outside of the gestation period – a case report

Effects of the Physiological Status and Diet on Blood Metabolic Parameters in Amiata Dairy Donkeys

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