Triglyceride Screening May Improve Cardiometabolic Disease Risk Assessment in Latinos with Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

To characterize metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence and cardiometabolic risk, HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), plasma lipids, blood pressure, BMI, and waist circumference were measured in 211 Latino adults with type 2 diabetes. Participants were obese (BMI=33.7±7.8 kg/m2) and had poor glycemic control (HbA1c=9.6±1.8 %; FPG=190±85 mg/dL), but normal LDL and HDL cholesterol concentrations (98±38 mg/dL, and 52±14 mg/dL, respectively). Relative to the lowest, participants in the highest quintile of plasma triglycierides had higher total cholesterol (23%; p<.0001), FPG (47%; p<.0001), systolic blood pressure (3%; p<.05) and diastolic blood pressure (6%; p<.05), and lower HDL cholesterol (23%; p<.01). Comparable relationships were observed in an age-adjusted regression model. Framingham risk was equivalent to 9.4±6.4% and 12.2±9.6% 10-year CHD risk in men and women, respectively (p<.05). Cardiometabolic risk in this population is associated with a high prevalence of the MetS despite the relatively low cholesterol concentrations. Triglyceride screening may help identify individuals at higher risk.

Associations of Lipid Levels and Cognition: Findings from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

“…The fact that female sex modified the negative association of TG levels on working memory, withstanding all adjustments, including those for hypertension and diabetes further suggests that the higher overall cardiovascular disease risk factor burden known to exist in Hispanic/Latino men compared to women (Daviglus et al, 2016;Daviglus et al, 2012) may have diluted the effect of TG in the main analyses. Lastly, the fact that TG levels, the lipid that may play an outsized role in disease burden for Hispanics/Latinos (Martinez-Larrad et al, 2012;Rodriguez & Brenes, 2008;Vega-Lopez et al, 2013) showed a negative association with cognition suggesting it may also play an outsized role in cognitive burden as well.…”

“…The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) provides the opportunity to systematically examine associations between individual lipid levels and cognition in mid-to late-life Hispanics/Latinos of different backgrounds (e.g., Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central American, Dominican). Given the outsized importance TG levels may play in burden of disease in this population (Martinez-Larrad et al, 2012;Rodriguez & Brenes, 2008;Vega-Lopez et al, 2013), and based on previous studies of TG and cognition incorporating Hispanics/Latinos, we hypothesized that TG levels would be associated with working memory and executive functioning (but not memory) performance after adjusting for relevant confounders. We also explored associations between TC and cognition with follow-up analyses investigating the contributions of LDL-C versus HDL-C on significant results.…”

A new method to evaluate the dose-effect relationship of a TCM formula Gegen Qinlian Decoction: “Focus” mode of integrated biomarkers

“…Correlation of TG levels and ISI with 2-DM Recently, TG has been established to be an important factor in the occurrence and development of 2-DM and might be an independent risk factor for 2-DM [16] . The ratio between triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/hDL-C) has been identified as an index of heart disease mortality and 2-DM incidence in men [17,18] .…”

Increased Reticulon 3 (RTN3) Leads to Obesity and Hypertriglyceridemia by Interacting With Heat Shock Protein Family A (Hsp70) Member 5 (HSPA5)

“…Among these factors, triglycerides (TGs) and TG metabolism are linked to the occurrence of obesity and many obesity-related diseases. TG is neutral fat that is mostly stored in lipid droplets (LDs), which are defined as the major fat storage organelles in eukaryotes 5, 6 . Human adipocytes are the most highly-specialized cell type and can store vast quantity of energy in LDs, primarily as TGs.…”