Triglyceride is independently correlated with insulin resistance and islet beta cell function: a study in population with different glucose and lipid metabolism states

Abstract

Background: Previous studies on the effects of lipotoxicity and oxidative stress on islet beta cell function mainly focused on patients with diabetes, whereas studies on normal glucose tolerance (NGT) are few. The aim of this study was to explore the relationships among triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), oxidative stress indicators, insulin resistance, and beta cell function in populations with different glucose and lipid metabolism states. Methods: A total of 517 individuals were recruited from a rural community in Beijing, China. Glucose metabolism status was defined according to the results of a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Dyslipidemia was defined as abnormal TG, HDL-c, or LDL-c levels. The population was divided into four groups: individuals with normal glucose and lipid levels (group A, n = 62); those with dyslipidemia alone (group B, n = 82); those with dysglycemia alone (group C, n = 121); and those with dysglycemia and dyslipidemia (group D, n = 247). Oxidative stress indicators, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR) and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), were measured. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and glucose disposition index (DI 30 , DI 120) were calculated to assess insulin resistance and islet beta cell function, respectively. Stratified multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore relationships between TG, HDL-c, LDL-c, oxidative stress indicators, and insulin resistance (natural log transformation of HOMA-IR, LnHOMA-IR) and beta cell function (natural log transformation of DI 30 , Ln DI 30).

Hepatic-Metabolite-Based Intermittent Fasting Enables a Sustained Reduction in Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome

“…After therapy [78] that had a VLCD with a similar therapy duration of six months. The importance of the triglyceride metabolism as presented is further supported by Ma et al [79] and Lim et al [80] who report that triglyceride levels are independently correlated with insulin resistance and islet beta-cell function in individuals with dyslipidemia.…”

Effect of intermittent versus continuous calorie restriction on body weight and cardiometabolic risk markers in subjects with overweight or obesity and mild-to-moderate hypertriglyceridemia: a randomized trial

“…In our study, changes in plasma TG concentrations were correlated to changes in insulin. HTG is associated with metabolic glucose disorders [6,7] and the elevated concentrations of TG levels may lead to peripheral insulin resistance [12]. Subjects with overweight or obesity and HTG of the present study may have more insulin resistance than healthy individuals with overweight or obesity.…”

“…In HTG, the elevated concentrations of triglyceride levels may lead to peripheral insulin resistance and islet beta-cell dysfunction [12]. Furthermore, obesity is associated with elevated serum free fatty acids which can contribute to insulin resistance in subjects with obesity [13].…”

Prevalence of Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 Gene (G972R) Polymorphism, Insulin Resistance, and Determination of β-Cell Function among Overweight and Obese Persons with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…This leads to hyperglycemia without hypertriglyceridemia, a state that may have consequences less severe than those observed with the combined elevation. 26 Zheng T et al, 27 Zheng S et al, 28 Ma M et al, 29 reported that β-cell function was inversely related with TG level and TG promotes β-cell apoptosis. Therefore, lowering of TG level would reduce the β-cell inhibition effect by TG, and that seems to explain why in the present study fasting plasma insulin level was higher in the group with low TG level.…”