Triggering Conservation of the Self's Regulatory Resources

Tyler, James; Burns, Kathleen C.

doi:10.1080/01973530903058490

Cited by 48 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Motivation, in other words, moderated the typical depletion effect observed in the sequential task paradigm. Muraven, Shmueli, and Burkley (2006) further found that ego depletion was dependent on whether participants expected to perform a demanding task in the future (see also Tyler & Burns, 2009). When participants expected to engage in three sequential tasks, they slackened effort on the second of these tasks compared with when they expected only to engage in two sequential tasks.…”

Section: Shifts In Motivation: I Do Not Want To Control Myselfmentioning

confidence: 86%

What Is Ego Depletion? Toward a Mechanistic Revision of the Resource Model of Self-Control

Inzlicht

Schmeichel

2012

Perspect Psychol Sci

848

827

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According to the resource model of self-control, overriding one's predominant response tendencies consumes and temporarily depletes a limited inner resource. Over 100 experiments have lent support to this model of ego depletion by observing that acts of self-control at Time 1 reduce performance on subsequent, seemingly unrelated self-control tasks at Time 2. The time is now ripe, therefore, not only to broaden the scope of the model but to start gaining a precise, mechanistic account of it. Accordingly, in the current article, the authors probe the particular cognitive, affective, and motivational mechanics of self-control and its depletion, asking, "What is ego depletion?" This study proposes a process model of depletion, suggesting that exerting self-control at Time 1 causes temporary shifts in both motivation and attention that undermine self-control at Time 2. The article highlights evidence in support of this model but also highlights where evidence is lacking, thus providing a blueprint for future research. Though the process model of depletion may sacrifice the elegance of the resource metaphor, it paints a more precise picture of ego depletion and suggests several nuanced predictions for future research.

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Section: Shifts In Motivation: I Do Not Want To Control Myselfmentioning

confidence: 86%

What Is Ego Depletion? Toward a Mechanistic Revision of the Resource Model of Self-Control

Inzlicht

Schmeichel

2012

Perspect Psychol Sci

848

827

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“…When exerting self-regulatory effort, and expecting to exert more in the near future, participants performed worse on tests of self-control than those who did not recently exert self-control or did not expect to do so (Muraven, Shmueli, & Burkley, 2006; Tyler & Burns, 2009). A similar negative effect of optimism on persistence has previously been seen when the same anagram task appeared to conflict with high expectations of ability to perform (Solberg Nes et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences and self-regulatory fatigue: optimism, conscientiousness, and self-consciousness

Nes

Carlson

Crofford

et al. 2011

Personality and Individual Differences

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Ability to self-regulate varies and self-regulatory strength is a limited source that can be depleted or fatigued. Research on the impact of individual differences on self-regulatory capacity is still scarce, and this study aimed to examine whether personality factors such as dispositional optimism, conscientiousness, and self-consciousness can impact or buffer self-regulatory fatigue. Participants were patients diagnosed with chronic multi-symptom illnesses (N = 50), or pain free matched controls (N = 50), randomly assigned to either a high or low self-regulation task, followed by a persistence task. Higher optimism predicted longer persistence (p = .04), and there was a trend towards the same effect for conscientiousness (p = .08). The optimism by self-regulation interaction was significant (p = .01), but rather than persisting despite self-regulatory effort, optimists persisted longer only when not experiencing self-regulatory fatigue. The effects of optimism were stronger for controls than patients. There was also a trend towards a similar conscientiousness by self-regulation interaction (p = .06). These results suggest that the well-established positive impact of optimism and conscientiousness on engagement and persistence may be diminished or reversed in the presence of self-regulatory effort or fatigue, adding an important new chapter to the self-regulation, personality, and pain literature.

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“…Extending the focus on motivational factors, the next wave of studies found that people could be motivated to conserve their regulatory resources if they expected future regulatory demands (Muraven, Shmueli, & Burkley, 2006; Tyler & Burns, 2008). However, perhaps due in part to the popularity and intuitive appeal of the muscle metaphor, the SM began to swing back toward the resource depletion approach and search for the physiological substrates—or rather, lack thereof—responsible for self-regulatory failure, settling on glucose (Gailliot et al, 2007; Gailliot, Peruche, Plant, & Baumeister, 2009; Masicampo & Baumeister, 2008).…”

Section: A Brief History Of the Strength Model: Motivation Muscle Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As much of the SM literature suggests, switching from one self-regulatory activity to another does result in performance declines on the second task (Hagger et al, 2010). Additionally, when participants are given 10 minutes of rest between tasks as opposed to no rest or 3 minutes of rest, self-regulatory performance improves (Tyler & Burns, 2008). According to the opportunity cost model, as total time spent engaged in an experiment increases—whether at rest or engaged in a task—participants would incur higher opportunity cost and therefore demonstrate higher fatigue.…”

Section: Strengths and Weaknesses Of The Psychological Mechanisms In mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nature of Self-Regulatory Fatigue and “Ego Depletion”

Evans

Boggero

Segerstrom

2016

Pers Soc Psychol Rev

143

103

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Self-regulation requires overriding a dominant response, and leads to temporary self-regulatory fatigue. Existing theories of the nature and causes of self-regulatory fatigue highlight physiological substrates such as glucose or psychological processes such as motivation, but these explanations are incomplete on their own. Historically, theories of physical fatigue demonstrate a similar pattern of useful but incomplete explanations, as recent views of physical fatigue emphasize the roles of both physiological and psychological factors. In addition to accounting for multiple inputs, these newer views also explain how fatigue can occur even in the presence of sufficient resources. Examining these newer theories of physical fatigue can serve as a foundation on which to build a more comprehensive understanding of self-regulatory fatigue that integrates possible neurobiological underpinnings of physical and self-regulatory fatigue, and suggests the possible function of self-regulatory fatigue.

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Triggering Conservation of the Self's Regulatory Resources

Cited by 48 publications

References 16 publications

What Is Ego Depletion? Toward a Mechanistic Revision of the Resource Model of Self-Control

What Is Ego Depletion? Toward a Mechanistic Revision of the Resource Model of Self-Control

Individual differences and self-regulatory fatigue: optimism, conscientiousness, and self-consciousness

The Nature of Self-Regulatory Fatigue and “Ego Depletion”

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