Trichostatin A and sodium butyrate promotes plant regeneration in common wheat

Abstract

Histone acetylation modification plays a vital role in plant cell division and differentiation. However, the function on wheat mature embryo culture has not been reported. Here, we used the mature embryo of wheat genotypes including CB037, Fielder, and Chinese Spring (CS) as materials to analyze the effects of different concentrations of trichostatin A (TSA) and sodium butyrate (SB) on plant regeneration efficiency. The results showed that, compared with the control group, the induction rates of embryogenic callus and green shoot were significantly increased with the addition of 0.5 µM TSA, while they were reduced under treatment of 2.5 µM TSA on wheat mature embryo. With the respective addition of 200 µM and 1000 µM SB, regeneration frequency of three genotypes was enhanced, especially in Fielder, which reached significant difference compared with the control group. Unfortunately, 0.5 µM TSA and 200 µM SB combination had no apparent effect on wheat regeneration frequency. The results indicated that TSA and SB increase plant regeneration in common wheat. In addition, TSA had a common effect and SB had different effect among genotypes on wheat regeneration frequency. The mechanism of action needs further investigation.

Epigenetics for Crop Improvement in Times of Global Change

“…Specifically, the use of Trichostatin A induced microspore embryogenesis in wheat [ 142 ] and somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis [ 143 ]. Treatment by trichostatin A and sodium butyrate also improved regeneration efficiency from mature wheat embryos [ 144 ]. It can be concluded that utilisation of epigenetically active substances is focused on topics, where it is suspected that the level of DNA methylation or acetylation of histones play a role in the respective phenomena.…”

4-Phenylbutyric acid promotes plant regeneration as an auxin by being converted to phenylacetic acid via an IBR3-independent pathway

“…Indeed, both auxin treatment and wounding stress alter histone modifications, including histone acetylation, which positively regulates the expression of cellular reprogramming-related genes Yamamuro et al 2016). Trichostatin A (TSA) and butyric acid (BUA), well-known inhibitors of histone deacetylases (HDACs) that increase the level of acetylated histones, can be added during tissue culture to enhance plant tissue regeneration (Bie et al 2020;Lee et al 2020;Li et al 2014;Wójcikowska et al 2018). TSA treatment additionally alters auxin responsiveness (Li et al 2014).…”

From microspore to haploid embryo : Dissecting the key molecular and cellular factors driving microspore embryogenesis

“…Hyper-acetylation of histones by HATs weakens the interaction between histones and DNA and loosens the chromatin structure, leading to transcriptional activation, whereas hypo-acetylation of histones by HDACs compacts chromatin structure and results in transcriptional repression (Kumar et HDAC families . In plants, treatment with HDACi, mainly the pan Rpd3/hda1 inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA), has helped define the role of histone acetylation in different developmental processes, including seed germination Tai et al, 2005;, root and leaf development , as well as in induced totipotency and pluripotency (Abrahamsson et al, 2017;Bie et al, 2020;Castillo et al, 2020;Wójcikowska et al, 2018).…”

“…HDACi that target Rpd3/Hda1 and HD2-type HDACs, inhibit HDAC activity by interacting with zinc ion and active site residues in the catalytic domain (Miller et al, 2003). In plants, treatment with HDACi, mainly the pan Rpd3/hda1 inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA), uncovered roles for histone acetylation in a range of developmental processes, including seed germination Tai et al, 2005;, root and leaf development , as well as in in vitro plant regeneration (Abrahamsson et al, 2017;Bie et al, 2020;Castillo et al, 2020;Wójcikowska et al, 2018).…”