Trichophyton -specific IgE in patients with dermatophytosis is not associated with aeroallergen sensitivity

Escalante, Maria Teresa; Sánchez-Borges, Mario; Capriles‐Hulett, Arnaldo; Belfort, Edgar; Biagio, Elizabeth Di; González-Aveledo, Luis

doi:10.1067/mai.2000.104381

Cited by 28 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In addition, infection with Trichophyton was confirmed by culture. The results showed no link between dermatophytosis and atopic status, despite an increased prevalence of IH skin tests to Trichophyton in patients with active infection (33). In addition, although significantly increased levels of total IgE in serum were present in atopic compared with nonatopic subjects, the total IgE levels were comparable among nonatopic subjects with and without mycosis.…”

Section: Background: Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 70%

“…In that study, T. rubrum was the most common etiologic agent associated with both conditions. Increased dermatophyte infection in men has also been reported in a multicenter survey carried out in North America, as well as among atopic and nonatopic subjects in Venezuela and among diabetic subjects in Canada (33,38,44). Thus, a propensity for men to develop dermatophytosis appears to be a widespread phenomenon.…”

Section: Dermatophytosis: An Increasing Problemmentioning

confidence: 82%

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Allergy and Dermatophytes

Woodfolk

2005

Clin Microbiol Rev

144

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Tinea pedis (athlete's foot) and onychomycosis (infection of the toenails) caused by the dermatophyte fungus Trichophyton are highly prevalent in adults. Several Trichophyton allergens have been identified based on elicitation of immunoglobulin E antibody-mediated immediate-hypersensitivity (IH) responses. Evidence of an etiologic role for Trichophyton in asthma in some subjects with IH and chronic dermatophytosis is provided by bronchial reactivity to Trichophyton. Improvement of asthma after systemic antifungal treatment corroborates this link. A unique feature of Trichophyton allergens is the ability of the same antigen to elicit delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) in individuals who lack IH reactivity. Delayed responses appear to confer protection, while IH responses do not, based on the association with acute versus chronic skin infection. The amino acid sequence identity of Trichophyton allergens with diverse enzyme families supports a dual role for these proteins in fungal pathogenesis and allergic disease. Characterizing the immunologic properties of Trichophyton allergens and defining immune mechanisms which drive dichotomous responses are pivotal to understanding the dermatophyte-allergy relationship. Recent studies have identified DTH-associated major T-cell epitopes which could facilitate the development of peptide vaccines. Characterization of additional molecular targets by using new techniques may aid not only in the eradication of infection but also in the resolution of allergic symptoms

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Section: Background: Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Dermatophytosis: An Increasing Problemmentioning

confidence: 82%

Allergy and Dermatophytes

Woodfolk

2005

Clin Microbiol Rev

144

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“…72 This is attributed to the high prevalence of dermatophytosis in the general population. 170e172 High levels of IgE Abs to Trichophyton are found in patients with trichophytosis, regardless of atopy, 173,174 indicating that Trichophyton infection, not respiratory exposure, is the major determinant of an IgE response to Trichophyton. However, it has been suggested that tinea infection/sensitization plays a role in the pathogenesis of asthma and rhinitis.…”

Section: Candidamentioning

confidence: 98%

Sensitization to fungal allergens: Resolved and unresolved issues

Fukutomi

Taniguchi

2015

Allergology International

177

136

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Exposure and sensitization to fungal allergens can promote the development and worsening of allergic diseases. Although numerous species of fungi have been associated with allergic diseases in the literature, the significance of fungi from the genera Alternaria, Cladosporium, Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Malassezia has been well documented. However, it should be emphasized that the contribution of different fungal allergens to allergic diseases is not identical, but species-specific. Alternaria and Cladosporium species are considered to be important outdoor allergens, and sensitization and exposure to species of these genera is related to the development of asthma and rhinitis, as well as epidemics of asthma exacerbation, including life-threatening asthma exacerbation. In contrast, xerophilic species of Penicillium and Aspergillus, excluding Aspergillus fumigatus, are implicated in allergic diseases as indoor allergens. A. fumigatus has a high capacity to colonize the bronchial tract of asthmatic patients, causing severe persistent asthma and low lung function, and sometimes leading to allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Malassezia are common commensals of healthy skin, although they are also associated with atopic dermatitis, especially on the head and neck, but not with respiratory allergies. Despite its importance in the management of allergic diseases, precise recognition of species-specific IgE sensitization to fungal allergens is often challenging because the majority of fungal extracts exhibit broad cross-reactivity with taxonomically unrelated fungi. Recent progress in gene technology has contributed to the identification of specific and cross-reactive allergen components from different fungal sources. However, data demonstrating the clinical relevance of IgE reactivity to these allergen components are still insufficient.

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“…There is increasing evidence that soluble factors such as cytokines and chemokines released by a variety of cells following allergen exposure play a key role in the initiation and chronicity of this inflammatory response [1, 2, 3]. In particular, cytokines released by allergen-specific T helper type 2 (Th2) cells, such as IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13, are currently regarded as key factors regulating the production of IgE and eosinophilia, two characteristic features of allergic diseases such as asthma [4, 5, 6, 7, 8]. However, other cytokines such as IL-1 and TNF-α have also been associated with the initiation and regulation of allergic inflammations [9, 10, 11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of TNF-α Autoantibody Production by AutoVac TNF106: A Novel Therapeutic Approach for the Treatment of Allergic Diseases

Zuany-Amorim

Manlius

Dalum³

et al. 2004

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: Cytokines play an integral role in the coordination and persistence of allergic inflammatory processes and therefore represent prime targets for novel therapies in diseases such as asthma. Multiple attempts to generate low-molecular-weight cytokine inhibitors have failed, and the main attention has focused on the development of biological agents such as neutralizing antibodies. The present work describes a simple and effective method to induce the production of therapeutic anti-cytokine autoantibodies by active immunization against a modified endogenous cytokine. Methods: Balb/c mice were subcutaneously injected with AutoVac TNF106, a recombinant murine TNF-α molecule containing a foreign immunogenic T helper epitope, and the induction of neutralizing anti-TNF-α autoantibodies was analysed. These mice were then sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA), and the effect of neutralizing anti-TNF-α autoantibodies on the allergen-induced airway inflammation was analysed. Results: AutoVac TNF106-immunized mice developed high titres of neutralizing anti-TNF-α autoantibodies, which were maintained for at least 4 weeks after the last booster injection. Mice vaccinated with AutoVac TNF106 and further immunized against OVA showed diminished TNF-α levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid after OVA challenge. Moreover, pretreatment with AutoVac TNF106 resulted in significantly reduced numbers of eosinophils and neutrophils in BAL fluid in response to single or multiple allergen exposure. Conclusion: The induction of anti-TNF-α autoantibody production by the AutoVac TNF106 technology not only confirmed the role of TNF-α in the induction of allergic inflammation but also offers a novel approach to block the activity of cytokines in order to treat allergic inflammatory conditions.

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Trichophyton -specific IgE in patients with dermatophytosis is not associated with aeroallergen sensitivity

Cited by 28 publications

References 21 publications

Allergy and Dermatophytes

Allergy and Dermatophytes

Sensitization to fungal allergens: Resolved and unresolved issues

Induction of TNF-α Autoantibody Production by AutoVac TNF106: A Novel Therapeutic Approach for the Treatment of Allergic Diseases

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