Trichomonas vaginalis Associated With Low Birth Weight and Preterm Delivery

Cotch, Mary Frances; Pastorek, Joseph G.; Nugent, Robert P.; Hillier, Sharon L.; Gibbs, Ronald S.; Martín, David H.; Eschenbach, David A.; Edelman, Robert; Carey, John C.; Regan, Joan A.; Krohn, Marijane A.; Klebanoff, Mark A.; Rao, Adupa P.; Rhoads, George G.

doi:10.1097/00007435-199707000-00008

Cited by 759 publications

(478 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…6,7 Other RTIs associated with adverse birth outcomes include bacterial vaginosis (BV), gonors s rhoea, and Chlamydia trachomatis and Trichomonas vaginalis infections. [8][9][10][11][12] A few studies have documented other maternal factors associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in subs Saharan Africa. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] However, there are few data on the examination of multiple determinants of birth outcome and the proportion of adverse birth events ats s tributable to these factors from the study region, partly because of a lack of simple, inexpensive diagnostic methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse birth outcomes in United Republic of Tanzania - impact and prevention of maternal risk factors

Watson-Jones

Weiss

Changalucha

et al. 2007

Bull World Health Organ

130

121

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Objective To determine risk factors for poor birth outcome and their population attributable fractions. Methods 1688 women who attended for antenatal care were recruited into a prospective study of the effectiveness of syphilis screening and treatment. All women were screened and treated for syphilis and other reproductive tract infections (RTIs) during pregnancy and followed to delivery to measure the incidence of stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), low birth weight (LBW) and preterm live birth. Findings At delivery, 2.7% of 1536 women experienced a stillbirth, 12% of live births were preterm and 8% were LBW. Stillbirth was independently associated with a past history of stillbirth, short maternal stature and anaemia. LBW was associated with short maternal stature, ethnicity, occupation, gravidity and maternal malaria whereas preterm birth was associated with occupation, age of sexual debut, untreated bacterial vaginosis and maternal malaria. IUGR was associated with gravidity, maternal malaria, short stature, and delivering a female infant. In the women who had been screened and treated for syphilis, in between 20 and 34% of women with each outcome was estimated to be attributable to malaria, and 63% of stillbirths were estimated as being attributable to maternal anaemia. Screening and treatment of RTIs was effective and no association was seen between treated RTIs and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conclusion Maternal malaria and anaemia continue to be significant causes of adverse pregnancy outcome in sub-Saharan Africa. Providing reproductive health services that include treatment of RTIs and prevention of malaria and maternal anaemia to reduce adverse birth outcomes remains a priority. Voir page 16 le résumé en français. En la página 16 figura un resumen en español.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse birth outcomes in United Republic of Tanzania - impact and prevention of maternal risk factors

Watson-Jones

Weiss

Changalucha

et al. 2007

Bull World Health Organ

130

121

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“…This parasite has a worldwide distribution and it infects 250 to 350 million people worldwide [2]. Trichomonose causes a serious discomfort to women, and is associated with adverse pregnancy outcome, manifested by preterm rupture of membranes, preterm delivery, and low-birth-weight infants [3,4], and infertility [5], cervical cancer [6,7], and increase in the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus [8][9][10]. Despite several advances that have been made in understanding the interaction between T. vaginalis and host cells, as well as in dissecting the steps in the invasion process [11], the cellular mechanisms of T. vaginalis pathogenesis are not well defined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichomonas vaginalis perturbs the junctional complex in epithelial cells

et al. 2005

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“…Each year, 160-180 million people are infected with T. vaginalis worldwide (McClelland 2008). T. vaginalis infection is associated with serious adverse health consequences in women, including infertility (El-Shazly et al 2001), atypical pelvic inflammatory disease (Moodley et al 2002), pre-term delivery and delivery of low birth weight infants (Cotch et al 1997) and predisposition to cervical neoplasia (Viikki et al 2000). The effects of Tritrichomonas foetus infection in cows vary from mild vaginitis or cervicitis to endometritis, abortion and infertility (Parsonson et al 1976, Anderson et al 1996.…”

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confidence: 99%

Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonas foetus: interaction with fibroblasts and muscle cells - new insights into parasite-mediated host cell cytotoxicity

Vilela

Benchimol

2012

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonas foetus are parasitic, flagellated protists that inhabit the urogenital tract of humans and bovines, respectively. T. vaginalis causes the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted disease worldwide and has been associated with an increased risk for human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection in humans. Infections by T. foetus cause significant losses to the beef industry worldwide due to infertility and spontaneous abortion in cows. Several studies have shown a close association between trichomonads and the epithelium of the urogenital tract. However, little is known concerning the interaction of trichomonads with cells from deeper tissues, such as fibroblasts and muscle cells. Published parasite-host cell interaction studies have reported contradictory results regarding the ability of T. foetus and T. vaginalis to interact with and damage cells of different tissues. In this study, parasite-host cell interactions were examined by culturing primary human fibroblasts obtained from abdominal biopsies performed during plastic surgeries with trichomonads. In addition, mouse 3T3 fibroblasts, primary chick embryo myogenic cells and L6 muscle cells were also used as models of target cells. The parasite-host cell cultures were processed for scanning and transmission electron microscopy and were tested for cell viability and cell death. JC-1 staining, which measures mitochondrial membrane potential, was used to determine whether the parasites induced target cell damage. Terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick end labelling staining was used as an indicator of chromatin damage. The colorimetric crystal violet assay was performed to ana-lyse the cytotoxicity induced by the parasite. The results showed that T. foetus and T. vaginalis adhered to and were cytotoxic to both fibroblasts and muscle cells, indicating that trichomonas infection of the connective and muscle tissues is likely to occur; such infections could cause serious risks to the infected host

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Trichomonas vaginalis Associated With Low Birth Weight and Preterm Delivery

Cited by 759 publications

References 34 publications

Adverse birth outcomes in United Republic of Tanzania - impact and prevention of maternal risk factors

Adverse birth outcomes in United Republic of Tanzania - impact and prevention of maternal risk factors

Trichomonas vaginalis perturbs the junctional complex in epithelial cells

Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonas foetus: interaction with fibroblasts and muscle cells - new insights into parasite-mediated host cell cytotoxicity

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