1981
DOI: 10.1093/jee/74.2.227
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Trichogramma Spp.: Concurrent Ground Application of Parasitized Eggs, Supplemental Heliothis zea Host Eggs, and Host-Seeking Stimuli1234

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Cited by 7 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…has been successfully applied using mechanical devices. Gross et al (1981) described a high-clearance conveyance to apply eggs parasitized by Trichogramma pretiosum Riley. Smith and Wallace (1990) used a hand-held leaf blower powered by a portable generator to distribute parasitized eggs against spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), and reported that parasitism rates were similar to those achieved with aerial releases.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…has been successfully applied using mechanical devices. Gross et al (1981) described a high-clearance conveyance to apply eggs parasitized by Trichogramma pretiosum Riley. Smith and Wallace (1990) used a hand-held leaf blower powered by a portable generator to distribute parasitized eggs against spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), and reported that parasitism rates were similar to those achieved with aerial releases.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These field results were obtained, however, only at high host densities. At low to intermediate densities, parasitism rates were enhanced if moth scales or the synthetic kairomone (impregnated particles of diatomaceous earth) were applied around the host eggs (Lewis et al, 1979;Gross, 1981). Under these latter conditions, parasitoids apparently spent more time searching intensively in areas where the hosts were absent, resulting in lower parasitism.…”
Section: Chemicals From Host/preymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Na década de 80, uma grande quantidade de diferentes técnicas foi desenvolvida para proteger o material parasitado (Gross et al, 1981b). Os recipientes utilizados para isto variaram desde modelos artesanais (Burrell & McCormick, 1962;Ables et al, 1979e Shi et al, 1986 até outros mais elaborados como embalagens de alimentos (Sttiner, 1977).…”
Section: Estudou a Broca Em 4 Regiões Do Estado De Sãounclassified
“…Usando esta técnica, Jones et al (1977), nos EUA, colaram ovos de Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) em flocos de farelo, aplicando-os em um semeador modificado, para testar a primeira liberação em larga escala do gênero Trichogramma, por dispersão, na densidade de 176.000 a 247.000 parasitóides por hectare. Mais tarde, também nos EUA, Gross et al (1981b) desenvolveram um sistema constituído de uma bomba peristáltica, uma corrente e uma ventoinha centrífuga para liberar ovos de H zea, parasitados por Trichogramma, acima da copa das plantas de algodão, na densidade de 244.000 parasitóides por hectare. Estes autores concluíram que os sistemas desenvolvidos poderiam ser usados comercialmente para aplicações terrestres, atingindo distribuições uniformes de parasitóides, sem danificá-los.…”
Section: Estudou a Broca Em 4 Regiões Do Estado De Sãounclassified