Trichoderma species as Biocontrol Agent against Soil Borne Fungal Pathogens

Abstract

Soil borne pathogenic fungi are of major concern in agriculture which significantly decreases the plant yield. Chemically controlled plant imposes environmental threats potentially dangerous to humans as well as other animals. Thus, application of biological methods in plant disease control is more effective alternative technique. This study was carried out to isolate Trichoderma species from soil sample and to assess its in vitro biocontrol efficacy against fungal pathogens viz. Sclerotium rolfsii, Sclerotionia sclerotiorum, Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani. Biocontrol efficacy testing of isolates against different fungal pathogens was performed by dual culture technique. In this study, five different Trichoderma species were isolated from 26 various soil samples and were tested against four fungal soil-borne pathogens. Inhibition percentage of radial growth of Sclerotium rolfsii by three of the Trichoderma isolates was found to be 100%; about 62% and 68% of maximum inhibition was observed against Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium solani respectively whereas Sclerotionia sclerotiorum was inhibited maximum up to 23%. This in vitro study revealed that although Trichoderma species plays an important role in controlling all type of soil borne fungal plant pathogens, however, isolates as biocontrol agent against Sclerotium rolfsii was found to be more efficient in comparison to other pathogens.

Trichoderma viride Controls Macrophomina phaseolina through its DNA disintegration and Production of Antifungal Compounds

“…To date, a number of registered biocontrol agents are commercially available belonging to Trichoderma, Candida, Gliocladium, Coniothyrium, Streptomyces, Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Agrobacterium genera (Bayoumy et al 2017;Deng et al 2018;Zhao et al 2018). Among them, the genus Trichoderma has a wide biotechnological interest and hence comprising on mycoparasitic species, particularly T. pseudokoningii, T. hamatum, T. harzianum, T. koningii and T. viride that have received a great attention in reducing the populations of soil-borne pathogens including Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum and M. phaseolina (Bastakoti et al 2017). The antagonistic mechanism of Trichoderma species is a combination of diverse mechanisms including direct confrontation with fungal pathogens, competition for nutrients and the production of cell-wall degrading enzymes (Anjum et al 2019).…”

Antifungal Potentiality and Physiological Characterization of Trichoderma Isolates from Port Said Governorate

“…In this study, the inhibitory effect of this isolate (T. polysporum 1) could be related to its high chitinase activity and siderophores production which result in lysis of fungal mycelium. Others attributed this inhibitory to the release of antibiotic or antibiotic like substances and competition for nutrients Bastakoti et al (2017).…”

“…However, using chemical fungicides is expensive and causes a negative ecological impact due to toxic residues (El-Sharkawy & Alshora, 2020). Several species of Trichoderma have been reported as potential biocontrol agents of S. sclerotiorum (Bastakoti et al, 2017). Therefore, this study aimed to isolate Trichoderma spp.…”

POTENTIAL OF Trichoderma viride AND Rhizobium leguminosarum IN COMBINATION WITH TOPSIN M70 FUNGICIDE FOR MANAGEMENT DAMPING-OFF DISEASE OF PEA PLANTS CAUSED BY Rhizoctonia solani

“…was effective to control of pathogen legume crops, such as Rhizoctonia solani., Fusarium spp., Sclerotium rolfsii, Macrophomina phaseolina and Pythium spp. In this connection, Papavizas (1985) Dubey et al (2007) and Bastakoti et al (2017) reported that Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma harzianum were naturally existing biological agents against R. solani, Fusarium oxysporium, Sclerotium spp. and Pythium spp.…”

“…Enzymes induction by bioagents during the parasite interaction could inhibit the growth of several fungal plant pathogens by degrading cell walls (Melo and Faull, 2000;Harman et al, 2004). The destructive parasitizing of lyses of the pathogen by extracellular, degrative enzymes such as chitinas considered an effective mechanism implicated in biological control against soil borne pathogenic fungi (Chet et al, 1990;Bastakoti et al, 2017). Microbes with these enzymatic activities positively induce the nodulation when used in combined with rhizobia to inoculate legumes seeds (Sindhu and Dadarwal, 2001).…”