Trichoderma: Biocontrol Agents for Promoting Plant Growth and Soil Health

Enshasy, Hesham Ali El; Ambehabati, Kugan Kumar; Baz, Ashraf F. El; Ramchuran, Santosh; Sayyed, R. Z.; Amalin, Divina; Dailin, Daniel Joe; Hanapi, Siti Zulaiha

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-48474-3_8

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Trichoderma spp. include a plethora of isolates with biocontrol activity against phytopathogens (Kumar et al, 2017 ) that can also give additional benefits to the plants, such as increase the nutrient uptake, enhance the photosynthetic activity and stimulate different metabolic processes that positively affect yields and quality of the treated crops (El Enshasy et al, 2020 ). Recently, it has been shown that soil treatment with Trichoderma gave biostimulant effects on wild rocket and baby lettuce, ranging from the increase of leaf yield, fresh and dry weight, to the improvement of leaf nutritional status, resulting in a premium quality of the fresh-cuttings with higher lipophilic antioxidant activity and total ascorbic acid content (Fiorentino et al, 2018 ; Caruso et al, 2020 ; Di Mola et al, 2020 ; Rouphael et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Hyperspectral Imaging by High-Related Vegetation Indices to Track the Wide-Spectrum Trichoderma Biocontrol Activity Against Soil-Borne Diseases of Baby-Leaf Vegetables

et al. 2021

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Research has been increasingly focusing on the selection of novel and effective biological control agents (BCAs) against soil-borne plant pathogens. The large-scale application of BCAs requires fast and robust screening methods for the evaluation of the efficacy of high numbers of candidates. In this context, the digital technologies can be applied not only for early disease detection but also for rapid performance analyses of BCAs. The present study investigates the ability of different Trichoderma spp. to contain the development of main baby-leaf vegetable pathogens and applies functional plant imaging to select the best performing antagonists against multiple pathosystems. Specifically, sixteen different Trichoderma spp. strains were characterized both in vivo and in vitro for their ability to contain R. solani, S. sclerotiorum and S. rolfsii development. All Trichoderma spp. showed, in vitro significant radial growth inhibition of the target phytopathogens. Furthermore, biocontrol trials were performed on wild rocket, green and red baby lettuces infected, respectively, with R. solani, S. sclerotiorum and S. rolfsii. The plant status was monitored by using hyperspectral imaging. Two strains, Tl35 and Ta56, belonging to T. longibrachiatum and T. atroviride species, significantly reduced disease incidence and severity (DI and DSI) in the three pathosystems. Vegetation indices, calculated on the hyperspectral data extracted from the images of plant-Trichoderma-pathogen interaction, proved to be suitable to refer about the plant health status. Four of them (OSAVI, SAVI, TSAVI and TVI) were found informative for all the pathosystems analyzed, resulting closely correlated to DSI according to significant changes in the spectral signatures among health, infected and bio-protected plants. Findings clearly indicate the possibility to promote sustainable disease management of crops by applying digital plant imaging as large-scale screening method of BCAs' effectiveness and precision biological control support.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Hyperspectral Imaging by High-Related Vegetation Indices to Track the Wide-Spectrum Trichoderma Biocontrol Activity Against Soil-Borne Diseases of Baby-Leaf Vegetables

et al. 2021

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“…At a length of 21 days, it is suspected that the substrate has started to run out (Fardiaz, 1987). This is according to research [29], that antimicrobial activity is produced in the decay phase. According to [30], the criteria of antimicrobial power strength are divided into four groups, namely as follows: the diameter of the inhibition zone of 5 mm or less is categorized as weak, the 5 mminhibition zone is categorized as moderate, the 10 mm bland zone is categorized as strong, and the clear zone of 20 mm or more is categorized as very strong.…”

Section: Analysis Of Antimicrobial Activity In Staphylococcus Aureus ...mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…D0 (0 days) lactic acid bacteria are still in the adaptation phase to the storage environment and cells are still able to carry out positive transport in the form of nutrients for growth. D1 (7 days) lactic acid bacteria enter the logarithmic phase which is the phase when bacteria divide rapidly indicated by the population of lactic acid bacteria begins to increase [29] and produce the bioactive compound as a metabolite such as peptide and organic. This compound have antibacterial activity which generated by utilizing lactose and protein of goat's milk.…”

Section: Analysis Of Antimicrobial Activity In Staphylococcus Aureus ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of storage period on calcium and magnesium level and antimicrobial activity of goat’s milk kefir

2022

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The purpose of this reasearch was to determine the effect of storage period goat’s milk kefir (GMK) on total LAB, total mineral levels included Ca and Mg and antimicrobial activity to pathogenic microbes. The materials used was GMK. This research was conducted using Completely Randomized Design with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were storage period that consist of D0 (0 day), D1 (7 days), D2 (14 days), and D3 (21 days). Total calculation of LAB used TPC (Total Plate Count). Samples were diluted from 10-1 to 10-8, then incoculated PCA medium by using pour plate method. Petri dish was incubated at 37ºC for 48 hours. Calcium and magnesium levels were calculed base AAS method. The result of this study was analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), then followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The storage time treatment has a significant effect on the total microbial count, mineral levels (Ca and Mg) and inhibition zone of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica serovar typhi on goat's milk kefir. Average clear zone Staphylococcus aureus 2.60 – 3.18 mm. Average inhibition zone Escherichia coli 2.09 – 3.32 mm. Average clear zone Salmonella enterica serovar typhi 1.97 – 2.72 mm.

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“…Broad-spectrum endophytic fungi follow direct or indirect mechanisms for benefiting the plants. The direct beneficial mechanism involves phytohormone production, nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, and anti-microbial metabolite production ( El Enshasy et al, 2020 ). The indirect beneficial mechanism involves abiotic and biotic resistance (modifying the metabolism process), biocontrol, bioremediation, and phytoremediation ( Dubey et al, 2020 ; Singh et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Endophytic Fungi: Treaty Of Amitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, Trichoderma sp. can produce phytohormones (indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) or auxin analogs, abscisic acid, and gibberellin), siderophores, and other plant growth-promoting substances (e.g., 6-pentyl-αpyrone, cyclonerodiol, harzianolide, and koninginins) enriching soil microflora and aiding soil fertility as well ( El Enshasy et al, 2020 ; Keswani et al, 2020 ). A new strain, Trichoderma phayaoense, has recently been discovered with parasitic and anti-fungal properties against fungal pathogens with 91% mycelial reduction ( Nuangmek et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Fungal Endophytes For Biotic Stress Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Endophytes to Combat Biotic and Abiotic Stresses for Climate-Smart and Sustainable Agriculture

Verma

Shameem²,

Jatav

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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The agricultural sustainability concept considers higher food production combating biotic and abiotic stresses, socio-economic well-being, and environmental conservation. On the contrary, global warming-led climatic changes have appalling consequences on agriculture, generating shifting rainfall patterns, high temperature, CO2, drought, etc., prompting abiotic stress conditions for plants. Such stresses abandon the plants to thrive, demoting food productivity and ultimately hampering food security. Though environmental issues are natural and cannot be regulated, plants can still be enabled to endure these abnormal abiotic conditions, reinforcing the stress resilience in an eco-friendly fashion by incorporating fungal endophytes. Endophytic fungi are a group of subtle, non-pathogenic microorganisms establishing a mutualistic association with diverse plant species. Their varied association with the host plant under dynamic environments boosts the endogenic tolerance mechanism of the host plant against various stresses via overall modulations of local and systemic mechanisms accompanied by higher antioxidants secretion, ample enough to scavenge Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) hence, coping over-expression of defensive redox regulatory system of host plant as an aversion to stressed condition. They are also reported to ameliorate plants toward biotic stress mitigation and elevate phytohormone levels forging them worthy enough to be used as biocontrol agents and as biofertilizers against various pathogens, promoting crop improvement and soil improvement, respectively. This review summarizes the present-day conception of the endophytic fungi, their diversity in various crops, and the molecular mechanism behind abiotic and biotic resistance prompting climate-resilient aided sustainable agriculture.

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Trichoderma: Biocontrol Agents for Promoting Plant Growth and Soil Health

Cited by 24 publications

References 76 publications

Functional Hyperspectral Imaging by High-Related Vegetation Indices to Track the Wide-Spectrum Trichoderma Biocontrol Activity Against Soil-Borne Diseases of Baby-Leaf Vegetables

Functional Hyperspectral Imaging by High-Related Vegetation Indices to Track the Wide-Spectrum Trichoderma Biocontrol Activity Against Soil-Borne Diseases of Baby-Leaf Vegetables

The effect of storage period on calcium and magnesium level and antimicrobial activity of goat’s milk kefir

Fungal Endophytes to Combat Biotic and Abiotic Stresses for Climate-Smart and Sustainable Agriculture

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