Trichloroethylene Combustion in a Submerged Thermal Plasma: Results and Chemical Kinetics Model

Mabrouk, Majdi; Marchand, Mickael; Baronnet, Jean Marie; Lemont, Florent

doi:10.1007/s11090-016-9693-6

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 17 publications

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“…This technology can be used to process, e.g., municipal waste, ash from thermal power stations, dangerous asbestos-based waste, etc. [1][2][3][4] Plasma technology is also used when processing various kinds of industrial waste. 5 Noble metals can be recovered from the metallic waste containing them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-temperature processing and recovery of autocatalysts

Čarnogurská¹,

Příhoda²,

Lázár³

et al. 2018

Mater. Tehnol.

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This paper presents the results from an experimental study of the thermal method applied for obtaining platinum-group metals (PGMs) by melting used autocatalysts in an 80 kVA plasma reactor, using suitable fluxes and a reducing agent. As the collector of noble metals, grey cast iron was used during the melting. The melt products were the alloy, inert vitrified slag, syngas and fly ash. In the alloy, when melting the catalyser based on cordierite, there was 99.27 % PGMs and 99.00 % in the case of Cr/Ni-strip catalysts. The loss of PGMs in the slag during the melting of cordierite catalysts was 0.34 % and for Cr/Ni catalysts, it was 0.26 %. A chemical analysis of the ash confirmed that in addition to the mechanically removed CaO, SiO2, MgO, Al2O3, it also contained condensed vapours of Fe+PGMs. During the melting of the cordierite catalyst, the ash contained 0.40 % of the refined metals, while 0.74 % was the figure for the Cr/Ni-strip catalyst. The synthesis gas from the process had a very low heating value (0.16 MJ m -3 or 0.24 MJ m -3 ). Keywords: waste, catalyser, platinum-group metals, plasma technology V tem~lanku avtorji predstavljajo rezultate eksperimentalnih raziskav termi~nega postopka pridobivanja kovin platinske skupine (PGM, angl.: Platinum Group Metals) s taljenjem izrabljenih avtomobilskih katalizatorjev v 80 kVA plazemskem reaktorju z uporabo primernih talil in redukcijskega sredstva. Kot zbiralnik plemenitih kovin je bila med taljenjem uporabljena siva litina. Produkti taljenja so zlitina, inertna steklasta`lindra, sintezni plin in pepel. V zlitini je bilo pri taljenju katalizatorja na osnovi kordierita koncentriranih 99,27 % PGM, pri katalizatorjih s Cr/Ni trakom pa 99,00%. Pri taljenju kordieritnih katalizatorjev se je v`lindri izgubilo 0,34 % PGM, pri Cr/Ni katalizatorjih pa 0,26 %. Kemijska analiza pepela je potrdila, da poleg mehansko pridobljenih oksidov CaO, SiO2, MgO, Al2O3, le-ta vsebuje tudi kondenzirane pare Fe in PGM. V pepelu se je pri taljenju katalizatorja na osnovi kordierita nahajalo 0,40 % plemenitih kovin, pri katalizatorju s Cr/Ni trakom pa 0,74 %. Sintezni plin iz procesa taljenja je imel zelo nizko kurilno (kalori~no) vrednost (0,16 MJ m -3 oz. 0,24 MJ m -3 ).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-temperature processing and recovery of autocatalysts

Čarnogurská¹,

Příhoda²,

Lázár³

et al. 2018

Mater. Tehnol.

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Expeditive carbofuran pesticide degradation by submerged thermal plasma and its accelerated mineralization by persulfate addition

Thirumurugan,

Nandy,

Amarnath

et al. 2024

Environmental Pollution

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High-Temperature Processing and Recovery of Cu Catalyst Promoter

Čarnogurská¹,

Lázár²,

Příhoda³

et al. 2018

Manufacturing Technology

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The following article describes the results obtained from the plasma smelting reduction of a particular type of waste -catalyst with a Cu promoter. The catalyst is used for the process of a selective reduction of nitrobenzene (C6H5NO2) to aniline (C6H5NH2). The plasma smelting occurs in a reducing atmosphere. Six samples of the exhausted catalyst with a Cu promoter were used in the smelting process. The chemical composition of the promoter exhibited a presence of a wide range of elements. Fluorspar (fluorite) and calcium oxide (quicklime) were used as the slag-agent for the given testing. Reducing agent was the powdery graphite -waste from the manufacture of the graphite semi-finished product. The results of experiments, carried out at 80 kVA in the plasma reactor, proved that this type of catalyst can be, in fact, disposed of using the plasma technology. Recyclability of the metal contained in this waste is high; Cu ranges around 88%. Moreover, the article describes the chemical analysis of the slag, fly ash and the composition of synthesis gas in all samples of the processed catalyst.Keywords: Waste, Catalyser, Cu promoter, Plasma technology IntroductionIn Slovakia and the Czech Republic, recently more attention is paid to the waste treatment using the thermal plasma. First results of experiments are available describing the outcome of the processes of high temperature waste treatment in the plasma reactor; for example in the area of municipal waste, fly ash from thermal power plants or from hazardous asbestos-based waste [1][2][3][4]. Technologies using the thermal plasma for the refining processes or for the processing and recycling of the scrap metal have been known for several decades, especially in the developed countries of North America, Western Europe and Japan.Presently, the technology of plasma melting and gasification is developed mainly in the area of recycling and disposal of hazardous waste, radioactive materials, nuclear weapons, and also in refining high-purity substances.Temperatures obtained from the low-temperature thermal plasma technology are currently the highest temperatures used in practice [5][6][7]. In such extreme temperature conditions the decomposition of larger molecules of the hazardous organic matter into atoms and radicals occurs. Moreover, if the high temperature melting takes place in reduction conditions and compliance with the prescribed methodology for the processing, the formation of the polycyclic aromatics does not take place.Today, the results from the treatment of various industrial waste by plasma technology are well known [8]. The recovery rate of precious metals of various metallic waste is a focus of many articles and papers [9][10][11][12]. A separate domain of the plasma technology use is its inclusion within the liquidation process of catalysts [13]. In this area, as well, the results are well known as they were obtained under various conditions using the low-temperature thermal plasma [14][15]. A by-product of the waste processing is always synthesis gas and s...

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Trichloroethylene Combustion in a Submerged Thermal Plasma: Results and Chemical Kinetics Model

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

High-temperature processing and recovery of autocatalysts

High-temperature processing and recovery of autocatalysts

Expeditive carbofuran pesticide degradation by submerged thermal plasma and its accelerated mineralization by persulfate addition

High-Temperature Processing and Recovery of Cu Catalyst Promoter

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