Tribologically transformed structure in fretting

Sauger, Emmanuel; Fouvry, S.; Ponsonnet, Laurence; Kapsa, Ph.; Martin, Jean Michel; Vincent, L.

doi:10.1016/s0043-1648(00)00464-6

Cited by 193 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Fretting damage generated in gross slip conditions exhibit more obvious changes (cf. [94,96]), though similar changes have been observed in the microslip regions under partial slip conditions.…”

Section: Changes In Surface Characteristics With Frettingsupporting

confidence: 73%

The Fretting Fatigue Behavior of Ti-6Al-4V

Neu

2008

KEM

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Abstract. This paper reviews the understanding of fretting fatigue with an emphasis on the behavior of Ti-6Al-4V. Advances in life prediction and assessment approaches are highlighted. The role of microstructure on fretting fatigue and its use to detect fretting fatigue damage can now be considered in assessment strategies. Various palliatives are used to enhance the fretting fatigue resistance. These include treatments to introduce compressive residual stress and surface coatings that reduce friction and/or protect the underlying structural material. IntroductionThis paper reviews the tremendous progress over the past decade to understand and predict the fretting fatigue behavior of Ti-6Al-4V, a common alloy used in applications requiring high specific strength. Fretting fatigue is of particular concern for dovetail attachments between the blades and disks in compressors of aerospace gas turbines, spline couplings of shafts, and mechanical joints in orthopedic implants. In the past decade there has been considerable focus on the fretting fatigue behavior of the duplex microstructure consisting of 60 vol. % equiaxed primary α (hcp structure) and 40 vol. % secondary lamellar α+β domains about 10 to 15 µm in size composed of alternating lathes of α and bcc-structured β. This was the baseline microstructure used for several projects carried out under the Air Force High Cycle Fatigue (HCF) program from 1995 to 2005 [1,2]. Unless noted otherwise, the majority of the data reported in this review was generated on this or similar microstructure. The microstructure has an initial random texture with yield strength 930 MPa, ultimate tensile strength 978 MPa, and cyclic yield strength of 797 MPa [1].The fretting fatigue process can be divided into two parts. The first is the formation of fretting cracks and the second is the growth of fretting fatigue cracks. The drivers for each of these processes are different. Both processes must occur to realize a catastrophic fretting fatigue failure. If fretting cracks do not form, fretting fatigue will not occur. But even if fretting cracks form, a catastrophic fretting fatigue failure will not occur if these cracks do not grow outside of the fretting fatigue process volume (FFPV) associated with the formation of the crack. Hence, the fretting fatigue limit is associated with the threshold limit for propagating the fretting cracks. In most fretting fatigue experiments and in applications, the drivers for fretting crack formation and crack growth outside of the FFPV cannot be easily separated, so there is an apparent coupling between the two. However, experiments involving the independent control of the drivers for fretting crack formation and crack growth (e.g., [3,4]) suggest that these two processes can be separated for the purposes of material response and prediction analyses. This is extremely helpful in understanding how different palliatives mitigate the fretting drivers. Some palliatives are aimed at fretting crack formation while others at reducing the fretting fatigue crack...

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Section: Changes In Surface Characteristics With Frettingsupporting

confidence: 73%

The Fretting Fatigue Behavior of Ti-6Al-4V

Neu

2008

KEM

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“…By considering the dissipated energy as the controlling parameter of wear, we assume that the wear depth is related to the cumulative dissipated energy density [16][17][18][19]. The general expression for the density of the energy dissipated at the centre of the contact area (E dh ) during the i th fretting cycle is expressed as:…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Wöhler-like approach to quantify the Ti(CxNy) coatings durability under oscillating sliding conditions

Liskiewicz

Fouvry

Wendler

2005

Wear

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The selection of a proper material for the particular engineering application is a complex problem, as different materials offer unique properties and it is not possible to gather all useful characteristics in a single one. Hence, employment of different surface treatment processes is a widely used alternative solution. In many industrial applications, coating failure may be conducive to catastrophic consequences. Thus, to prevent the component damage it is essential to establish the coating endurance and indicate the safe running time of coated system. To this study PVD TiC, TiN and TiCN hard coatings have been selected and tested against polycrystalline alumina smooth ball. The series of fretting tests with reciprocating sliding at the frequency 5Hz have been carried out under 50-150N normal loads and under wide rage of constant as well as variable displacement amplitudes from 50µm to 200µm at a constant value of relative humidity of 50% at 296K temperature. To quantify the loss of material a dissipated energy approach has been applied where the wear depth evolution is referred to the cumulative density of friction work dissipated during the test. Different dominant damage mechanisms have been indicated for the investigated hard coatings, which is debris formation and ejection in case of TiC coating and progressive wear accelerated by cracking phenomena in case of TiN and TiCN coatings. Energy-Wöhler wear chart has been introduced, in which the critical 1 dissipated energy density corresponds to the moment when the substrate is reached after a given number of fretting cycles. Two different methods to determine the critical dissipated energy density are introduced and compared. The Energy-Wöhler approach has been employed not only to compare the global endurance of the investigated systems but also to compare the intrinsic wear properties of the coatings. It has been shown that the fretting wear process is accelerated by the stress-controlled spalling phenomenon below a critical residual thickness and a severe decohesion mechanism is activated. Finally the applicability of the investigated method to other coated systems subjected to wear under sliding conditions is discussed and analyzed. The perspectives of this new approach are elucidated.

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“…Hence, compared to a conventional wear volume analysis, wear depth quantification appears more suitable to predict the coating lifetime [10,[12][13][14]. However, it requires a local analysis.…”

Section: Local Wear Damage Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a friction energy capacity approach to predict the surface coating endurance under complex oscillating sliding conditions

Liskiewicz

Fouvry

2005

Tribology International

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In the case of surface coatings application it is crucial to establish when the substrate is reached to prevent from catastrophic consequences. (DELETE : Moreover, a reliable selection of surface treatment is of great interest to industrial applications. However, regarding the lifetime of the coatings, selection criteria often depends on the experimental approaches as well as contact configuration and then can not be directly applied to real cases.)In this study a model based on local dissipated energy is develop and related to the friction process. Indeed, the friction dissipated energy is a unique parameter that takes into account the major loading variables which are the pressure, sliding distance and the friction coefficient. To illustrate the approach a sphere/plane (Alumina/TiC) contact is studied under gross slip fretting regime. Considering the contact area extension the wear depth evolution can be predicted from the cumulated dissipated energy density. Nevertheless, some difference is observed between the predicted and detected surface coating endurance. This has been explained by a coating spalling phenomenon observed below a critical residual coating thickness. Introducing an effective wear coating parameter the coating endurance is better quantified and finally an effective energy density threshold, associated to a friction energy 1 capacity approach, is introduced to rationalize the coating endurance prediction. The surface treatment lifetime is then simply deduced from an energy ratio between this specific energy capacity and a mean energy density dissipated per fretting cycle. The stability of this approach has been validated under constant and variable sliding conditions and illustrated through a Energy Density-Coating Endurance chart.

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Tribologically transformed structure in fretting

Cited by 193 publications

References 14 publications

The Fretting Fatigue Behavior of Ti-6Al-4V

The Fretting Fatigue Behavior of Ti-6Al-4V

Development of a Wöhler-like approach to quantify the Ti(CxNy) coatings durability under oscillating sliding conditions

Development of a friction energy capacity approach to predict the surface coating endurance under complex oscillating sliding conditions

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