“…Therefore, a useful strategy would be to replace normal saline with a liquid that can assist with wound repair and promote muscle growth. Water-based lubricants exhibiting good biocompatibility with the human body and a high lubrication effect have already been developed by some researchers ( Qin et al, 2018 ; Lu et al, 2021 ). These are composed mainly of deionized water and lubricant additives, such as nanoparticles ( Chen et al, 2021 ; Perumalsamy et al, 2021 ; Rahman et al, 2021 ; Sun et al, 2021 ; Tang et al, 2022 ), polymers ( Liu et al, 2021 ; Perumalsamy et al, 2021 ; Wang et al, 2021 ; Zheng et al, 2021 ), and ionic liquids ( Tang et al, 2018 ; Wang et al, 2018 ; Tang et al, 2019 ; Amann et al, 2020 ; Dong et al, 2020 ).…”