Tribological performance of nanolubricants dispersed with graphene oxide and detonation nanodiamond

Abstract

Different compositions of graphene oxide (GO) and detonation nanodiamond (DND) nanoparticles with API CH-4 engine oil were tested on a reciprocating wear tester at high contact pressure. Significant reductions in friction and wear were observed. Wear surfaces were characterized by a 3D profiler, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to determine the surface topography, film build-up composition, mechanism of nanoadditive-assisted friction reduction and wear reduction characteristics. The wear tests indicated that the original engine liner segments containing surface texture with oil retention potential significantly lose their micropeaks and valleys during the test. Even though the surface texture got disturbed, the presence of nanoadditives in the lubricant led to a reduction in the coefficient of friction. Considerable reduction in the roughness level of the wear track associated with the use of a nanolubricant was also explored through the 3D profiler analysis. The surface roughness of the wear track produced while using a nanolubricant with 0.5 mg/l of detonation nanodiamond nanoparticles was 66% lower than the roughness of the wear track obtained with the base oil. The nanolubricant suspended with 1 mg/l detonation nanodiamond nanoparticles achieved a lower coefficient of friction earlier and a combination of detonation nanodiamond and GO at 0.5 mg/l concentration achieved the lowest coefficient of friction and wear at the end of the test duration.

Nanodiamond Particles as Secondary Additive for Polyalphaolefin Oil Lubrication of Steel–Aluminium Contact

“…Zhai et al [5] have reported a reduction in friction and wear of fretting steel/copper interfaces due to the presence of reduction in friction and wear of fretting steel/copper interfaces due to the presence of ND particles in lubricant oil. Improvement in lubrication of AISI 52100 steel ball sliding against cast-iron diesel engine liner by SAE15W40 API CH-4 oil, upon addition of ND particles, has been observed by Javeed et al [6]. ND particles have proved to improve lubrication performance of surfaces sliding under aqueous glycerol lubrication [7] and also for water lubrication [8].…”

“…The ad dition of ND particles to oil with molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP) nano particles has shown improvement in surface finish, with surfaces becoming smoother by 35% [11]. Javeed et al [6] in their investigation on SAE15W40 API CH-4 oil lubrication with ND particles of AISI 52100 steel ball sliding against cast-iron diesel engine liner, ob served a 66% decrease in the roughness of the surface of the liner material, ascribed to the polishing effect of ND particles. Polished surfaces, i.e., smoother surfaces, provide bette compliance for formation of uniform and conformal tribofilms [1].…”

An experimental study on tribofilm formation and endurance with nanolubricants

“…Care has been taken to turn on the heater unit of the wear tester 15 min prior to each experiment, which ensured uniform temperature for the oil and specimens at the start of the experiment. More details of the tribometer and test conditions may be found in the authors’ previous publication [34].…”

“…The procedure to disperse the nanoparticles in various concentrations is presented in our previous publication [34]. Five different nano additive formulations as given in Table 2 are tested against base lubricant for comparison under the same test conditions.…”

A review of advances in tribology in 2020–2021

“…Graphene-based materials are typically used as a lubricant additive because of their layered structure, such as GO-Fe 3 O 4 nanohybrids [62], functionalized graphene/montmorillonite (FG/MTT) nanosheet [63], titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and graphene(GnP) nanoparticles [64], graphene/ionic liquid (G/IL) composite material [65], graphene modified by octadecylamine and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide [66], detonation nanodiamond and GO [67], graphene nanoparticles [68], graphene/triangular copper nanoplate composites (GN/Cu nanoplates) [69], and nanomaterials graphene nanoplatelets [70], etc.…”