Tribological Characteristics and Load-Sharing of Point-Contact Interface in Three-Body Mixed Lubrication

Horng, Jeng Haur; Yu, Chia-Chun; Chen, Yang‐Yuan

doi:10.1115/1.4052964

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In 2015, Wu et al [33] analyzed the peak contact temperature of rough surfaces under 3-body contact, but did not consider the transition mechanism of various 3-body contact modes and the change of micro-asperity deformation. Horng et al [34] combined contact mechanics and lubrication theory to study the mixed lubrication properties at 3-body interfaces. They show that the conventional film parameter (λ) was not a sufficient indicator of various lubrication regimes in 3-body contact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact Characteristics at Interface in Three-Body Contact Conditions with Rough Surfaces and Foreign Particles

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nanoparticles as lubricant additives under a certain average diameter and concentration may reduce wear, friction and scuffing damage. However, atmospheric dust particles affect not only human health but also the efficiency of components, and even cause component failures. Therefore, the contact characteristics at interfaces with foreign particles require careful investigation. In this work, a 3-body microcontact mechanics concept is used to analyze the effects of wear debris and foreign particles on real contact area, contact mode, asperity deformation type and separation at interface. The results show that the relationship profile between dimensionless real contact area (At*) and dimensionless normal contact load (Ft*) is wedge-shaped in a 3-body contact interface. Using surface-to-surface 2-body contact area as upper bound and surface-to-particle 3-body contact as lower bound, the 3-body hybrid contact situation is in between upper and lower bounds. As the dimensionless normal contact load increases, At* increases gradually as well. The order of contact mode is p-s contact, hybrid contact and then s-s contact. If the 3-body contact interface is in hybrid contact mode, the decrease in the hardness and average third body diameter will cause the At* to increase significantly at the same Ft*. Conversely, the separation and real contact area ratio of plastic deformation decrease gradually. The turning point of contact area (TPCA) occurs when the contact mode is within hybrid contact mode and the ratio of average third body diameter to the composite equivalent surface RMS roughness is about 50–70% for foreign particles and wear debris. When the Ft* is slightly larger than Ftpca*, the third body and surface share the total interface load approximately equally which will help reduce the real contact pressure and plastic contact area to improve surface performance.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact Characteristics at Interface in Three-Body Contact Conditions with Rough Surfaces and Foreign Particles

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Frontiers in Mechanical Engineering frontiersin.org concentration on the characteristics of the 3-body lubrication interface. Horng et al (2022) also noted that film parameter is not a suitable indicator for distinguishing lubrication regimes in 3body contact systems. Various operating conditions influence TPCA in 3-body dry contact conditions (Chern et al, 2022).…”

Section: Property Valuementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 3-body dry contact model can be employed to calculate the relationship between the real contact area, surface separation, and the normal load. The normal load of solid, F s , and total contact area of solid, A t , are given by the following equations for the 3-body micro-contact model (Horng et al, 2022): Dimensionless area of dry contact vs. dimensionless normal load at various particle diameters: (A) contact area ratio of particle and (B) dimensionless total contact area for σ = 100 nm and η a = 10 11 m -2 .…”

Section: -Body Microcontact Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of lubricant viscosity and third-particle contribution to contact behavior in dry and lubricated three-body contact conditions

Chen,

Horng

2024

Front. Mech. Eng.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The generation of third particles and change in viscosity lead to the gradual degradation of the performance of the machine interface. The generation of third particles may come from wear debris or environmental particles, which form a three-body contact system at the contact interface. The viscosity of the lubricant will also change with the long-term operation of the components. This paper uses a three-body lubrication model to study the influence and interaction of lubricant viscosity change and the presence of third particles on the contact characteristics, including the real contact area, the particle contact area ratio, the solid load percentage, the film thickness, and the evolution of the lubrication regime. The results show that when the interface is in a three-body mixed lubrication regime, the dimensionless total real contact area increases with the increase in particle size and density at the same lubricant viscosity, while the trend is the opposite in dry contact and boundary lubrication interfaces. When viscosity decreases, a three-body contact interface is more prone to entering boundary lubrication than a two-body contact interface, resulting in surface damage. Regardless of surface roughness, particle size, and dry or lubricated contact conditions, the turning point of the contact area (TPCA) phenomenon is usually when the ratio of particle size to surface roughness is 0.8–1.3. Under the same ratio of particle size to surface roughness, the critical load of the TPCA phenomenon increases with the increase in third-particle size and surface roughness, but decreases with the increase in lubricant viscosity and particle density.

show abstract

“…In the third body mechanism, the ZnO NPs function as nano ball bearings, effectively transferring sliding friction into rolling friction and reducing the real contact pressure, resulting in low friction and wear. 47,54 Thus, the anti-wear mechanism of IL remains unchanged while the role of NPs switches from the most tribofilm formation to the most nano bearing effect in the hybrid nanolubricant R + IL + ZnO. Several studies have pointed out that ZnO NPs exhibited different wear mechanisms according to the base oil.…”

Section: Film Thicknessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[42][43][44] The size and concentration of NPs play a crucial role in altering the contact characteristics, friction, and wear performance of lubricants. [45][46][47] Recently, ILs and NPs have been used as hybrid additives to enhance the tribological performance and limit environmental harmful compounds from existing commercial lubricants. Sabarinath et al 8 showed that the combination of SiO 2 NPs and an imidazolium-based IL in sesame oil exhibited excellent tribological properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of tribological behavior of a circulation oil with ionic liquid and hybrid additives

Ta,

Horng

2023

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, the synergistic effects of methyltrioctylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [N1888] [NTf2] ionic liquid (IL) with zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) as hybrid additives in a circulation oil for steel–steel contacts at different temperatures. The wear test results indicated that the additions of single additives (IL, ZDDP, and ZnO NPs) could enhance the tribological performance of the circulation oil. Among these additives, the IL exhibited the most effective at the same weight concentration blended into the tested oil. The mixture of IL and ZDDP showed superior friction-reducing and wear-reducing properties compared to the IL + ZnO formulation. The hybrid additive formulation consisting of 0.5 wt% IL, 0.25 wt% ZDDP, and 0.25 wt% ZnO NPs exhibited excellent tribological properties at higher temperatures in the boundary lubrication regime. Analysis using scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray reveals that all single additives contribute to the formation of a tribofilm wear mechanism. However, the role of ZnO NPs in the hybrid additive conditions was changed from the most likely tribosintering effect to the most likely nano bearing effect at 100 °C. The interactions among IL, ZDDP, and NPs examined in this study can provide fundamental insights for the development of future lubricants.

show abstract

Tribological Characteristics and Load-Sharing of Point-Contact Interface in Three-Body Mixed Lubrication

Cited by 13 publications

References 44 publications

Contact Characteristics at Interface in Three-Body Contact Conditions with Rough Surfaces and Foreign Particles

Contact Characteristics at Interface in Three-Body Contact Conditions with Rough Surfaces and Foreign Particles

Investigation of lubricant viscosity and third-particle contribution to contact behavior in dry and lubricated three-body contact conditions

Evaluation of tribological behavior of a circulation oil with ionic liquid and hybrid additives

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About