“…Water-based lubricants are widely used in bearings and seals that operate in aqueous environments . Due to growing environmental concerns, attempts have been made in recent years to replace traditional oil-based lubricants with environmentally friendly water-based lubricants. , However, compared with lubricating oils, the low viscosity and poor film-forming ability of water severely limit the performance and dependability of water lubrication systems. , To solve these problems, water-soluble oils, emulsions, ionic liquids, and nanomaterials are widely used as additives in water-based lubricants. − In addition, carbon-based solid lubricating coatings, such as diamond-like carbon (DLC), silicon-incorporated DLC (Si-DLC), and various metal-doped DLC (Me-DLC), have great potential in water lubrication systems and could effectively solve issues of high friction, high wear, cavitation, and corrosion .…”