Triazine Soil Interactions

Laird, David A.; Koskinen, William C.

doi:10.1016/b978-044451167-6.50024-6

Cited by 25 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 213 publications

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“…In aqueous solutions, triazines exist in either neutral or protonated form, depending on the pK a of the compound and on the pH of the system. The ring nitrogen atom, located in the 3-position between the electron-rich alkyl-side chains, is the most basic and hence the most likely site of protonation ( Figure 1b) (24). The main degradation reactions of triazine herbicides are dechlorination, dealkylation, and oxidation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Organic and Mineral Soil Fractions on Sorption Behaviour of Chlorophenol and Triazine Micropollutants

Stipičević

Fingler

Drevenkar

2009

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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This article compares the sorption behaviour of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol, pentachlorophenol, chlorotriazine atrazine, methylthiotriazine ametryn, methoxytriazine atratone, hydroxyatrazine, and didelakylated atrazine in a topsoil and an aquifer sediment before and after removal of sorbent organic matter and in humic acid. Freundlich isotherm coeffi cients K f and 1/n and free energy change (∆G°) were calculated for all compounds in all sorbents. According to sorbent pH values, chlorophenolate anions and uncharged triazine species dominated in all sorption experiments with topsoil and aquifer sediment. In experiments with humic acid, chlorophenols, atrazine, and didealkylated atrazine existed almost completely as neutral species, whereas protonated species dominated for hydroxyatrazine, atratone, and ametryn. In addition to a hydrophobic partition, sorption of all compounds in native soil and sediment sorbents includes specifi c, more polar interactions, which greatly depend on sorbate acidity/ basicity, specifi c properties of the sorbent organic matter and of mineral surface, as well as on the system pH. A signifi cantly greater sorption intensity of all compounds in "organic-free" than in the native aquifer sediment confi rmed the importance and possible dominance of mineral surface in the sorption process. Sorption intensity of chlorophenol and triazine compounds in humic acid was closely related to compound hydrophobicity. Greater sorption of almost completely protonated hydroxyatrazine than of the more hydropohobic but uncharged atrazine indicated different humic acid reaction sites for two compounds and consequently different sorption mechanisms.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Organic and Mineral Soil Fractions on Sorption Behaviour of Chlorophenol and Triazine Micropollutants

Stipičević

Fingler

Drevenkar

2009

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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“…At pH ¼ 4.0 (pH > pK a ) 99% of TBA was in a neutral (non-protonated) form. TBA is a Table 3 Membrane properties: contact angle, zeta potential, , and specific flux, Lp chlorotriazine of similar structure as atrazine and it will be protonated only in a strongly acidic environment (pH < 2) [26,27]. There is a connection between the dipole moment and permeate flux decline.…”

Section: Effect Of Pesticide Adsorption On the Membrane's Permeate Flmentioning

confidence: 98%

Removal of pesticides from the water and their adsorption on the reverse osmosis membranes of defined porous structure

Dražević

Košutić

Fingler

et al. 2011

Desalination and Water Treatment

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“…However, if water is present, metribuzin tends to interact with water molecules via hydrogen bonding and form hydrophilic complexes, which in turn, facilitate the leaching process. This may explain the relationship between its solubility and leaching potential [81]. Since surfactants can interact with soil, it may compete with metribuzin for available binding sites in soil.…”

Section: Effect Of Non-ionic Surfactant Brij35 On Metribuzin In Leachatementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Presence of Nonionic Surfactant Brij35 on the Mobility of Metribuzin in Soil

El-Sayed¹,

Prasher²

2013

Applied Sciences

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Given the water scarcity becoming endemic to a large portion of the globe, arid region irrigation has resorted to the use of treated, partially treated, or even untreated wastewaters. Such waters contain a number of pollutants, including surfactants. Applied to agricultural lands, these surfactants could affect the fate and transport of other chemicals in the soil, particularly pesticides. A field lysimeter study was undertaken to investigate the effect of nonionic surfactant, Brij35, on the in-soil fate and transport of a commonly used herbicide, metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one]. Nine PVC lysimeters, 1.0 m long × 0.45 m diameter, were packed with a sandy soil to a bulk density of 1.35 mg m . Antibiotic-free cattle manure was applied (10 mg ha −1 ) at the surface of the lysimeters. Metribuzin was then applied to the soil surface of all lysimeters at a rate of 1.00 kg a.i. ha (i.e., "good", "poor" and "very poor" quality irrigation water) were each applied to the lysimeters in triplicate. Analysis for metribuzin residues in samples of both soil and leachate, collected over a 90-day period, showed the surfactant Brij35 to have increased the mobility of metribuzin in soil, indicating that continued use of poor quality water could influence pesticide transport in agricultural soils, and increase the risk of groundwater contamination.

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Triazine Soil Interactions

Cited by 25 publications

References 213 publications

Effect of Organic and Mineral Soil Fractions on Sorption Behaviour of Chlorophenol and Triazine Micropollutants

Effect of Organic and Mineral Soil Fractions on Sorption Behaviour of Chlorophenol and Triazine Micropollutants

Removal of pesticides from the water and their adsorption on the reverse osmosis membranes of defined porous structure

Effect of the Presence of Nonionic Surfactant Brij35 on the Mobility of Metribuzin in Soil

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