“…Within this perspective, human capital, characterized by its creativity, knowledge, experience, and technical skills has emerged as a valuable resource (Scuotto et al, 2022;Hewett et al, 2018). The definition of human capital includes the knowledge, abilities, and skills possessed and utilized by individuals (Graff Zivin & Neidell, 2013), plays a critical role in contributing to a firm's knowledge creation (Bonner et al, 2023). In addition, Haak-Saheem et al (2017) suggest that while the relation between human capital and competitive advantage is widely acknowledged, further investigation is needed to comprehend the influence of HR practices and policies on human capital development.…”