Triage in Medicine, Part I: Concept, History, and Types

Iserson, Kenneth V.; Moskop, John C.

doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2006.05.019

Cited by 370 publications

(262 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…von Esmarch emphasized prioritizing patients by severity of injury but did so to make the most effective use of medical resources, not necessarily to treat the most badly injured first [42]. The familiar concept of triage (from the French ''trier'', to sort) would be given its name by French physicians in World War I [77], but institution of a rationalized approach to prioritizing care was a decades-long development, from Larrey to von Esmarch to the massive armies of World War I.…”

Section: Medical Evacuation and Organizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stations were designed to admit between 150 and 400 wounded at a time, but they often were overwhelmed with 1000 or more patients. Increasingly, instead of the most badly injured patients being given priority in triage, the time required to provide such treatment compelled British surgeons to prioritize in favor of patients with critical but less complicated wounds [77]. A British manual listed the goals of triage as first conservation of manpower and secondly the interests of the wounded [146].…”

Section: Medical Evacuation and Organizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treatment of War Wounds: A Historical Review

Manring

Hawk

Calhoun

et al. 2009

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

142

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The treatment of war wounds is an ancient art, constantly refined to reflect improvements in weapons technology, transportation, antiseptic practices, and surgical techniques. Throughout most of the history of warfare, more soldiers died from disease than combat wounds, and misconceptions regarding the best timing and mode of treatment for injuries often resulted in more harm than good. Since the 19th century, mortality from war wounds steadily decreased as surgeons on all sides of conflicts developed systems for rapidly moving the wounded from the battlefield to frontline hospitals where surgical care is delivered. We review the most important trends in US and Western military trauma management over two centuries, including the shift from primary to delayed closure in wound management, refinement of amputation techniques, advances in evacuation philosophy and technology, the development of antiseptic practices, and the use of antibiotics. We also discuss how the lessons of history are reflected in contemporary US practices in Iraq and Afghanistan.

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Section: Medical Evacuation and Organizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Medical Evacuation and Organizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of War Wounds: A Historical Review

Manring

Hawk

Calhoun

et al. 2009

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

142

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Triàge would appear to have been developed during the period 1792–1801 because there is a record of triàge having been formally adopted by the French military in 1801 7, 12, 13, 14. There were no wars or events concerning the development of triàge between 1792 and 1797 (Table 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The achievement of the army surgeons Percy and Larrey was in modernizing Napoleonic triàge to help save lives 7, 12, 19…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the history of the origin of triage from a disaster medicine perspective

Nakao

Ukai

Kotani

2017

Acute Medicine & Surgery

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We usually associate triage with the Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment method, but much of its origin is still unknown. Therefore, French studies and the origin of triage shown in domestic and foreign published works have been investigated and its significance reaffirmed. The etymology of the word “triage” means “to break into three pieces.” It was suggested by a literature review that the rise of Napoleon led to military tactical changes, and that the prototype of triage arose from the experience gained in the difficult campaign in Egypt and Syria. Subsequently, triage was refined by Napoleon's military surgeon, D. J. Larrey, who created the ambulance transport system. Although there is a clash between the ruthless and philanthropic aspects of triage, triage is in accordance with the primary purpose of evacuation or treatment. We should choose the triage method that is consistent with the purpose of each disaster situation.

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“…The concept of triage (from the French trier -to sort out) was developed by French physicians in World War (WW) I [6]. But institution of a rationalized approach was yet to come.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Warfare Injuries: History, Triage, Transport and Field Hospital Setup in the Armed Forces

Katoch

Rajagopalan

2010

Medical Journal Armed Forces India

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The treatment of war wounds has been an ancient art, constantly refined and adapted to reflect improvements in warfare strategies, weapons technology, transportation and damage control surgical practices. Throughout history, more soldiers died from disease than combat wounds, and misconceptions regarding the best timing and mode of treatment for injuries often resulted in more harm than good. Since the 19th century, mortality from war wounds steadily decreased as surgeons developed systems for rapidly moving the wounded from the battlefield to frontline hospitals. This article reviews the trends in military trauma management including triage, evacuation and field hospital setup in the Armed Forces. MJAFI2010; 66:304-308

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Triage in Medicine, Part I: Concept, History, and Types

Cited by 370 publications

References 22 publications

Treatment of War Wounds: A Historical Review

Treatment of War Wounds: A Historical Review

A review of the history of the origin of triage from a disaster medicine perspective

Warfare Injuries: History, Triage, Transport and Field Hospital Setup in the Armed Forces

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