Triage

Buma, Adriaan Hopperus; Henny, Walter

doi:10.1007/1-84628-060-5_26

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Very few studies have focused on DNA photodamage in marine plankton. Previous studies have elucidated the photobiology of isolated antarctic phytoplankton species (46) and diatoms (47). Significant differences were observed in survival after UVB exposure as well as in repair efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Solar Radiation‐Induced Photodamage in Marine Bacterioplankton

Jeffrey

Aas

Lyons

et al. 1996

Photochem & Photobiology

117

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Abstract— There has been much recent concern about the effects of increased UV radiation at certain locations on the earth's surface. There have been extensive studies of ultraviolet radiation effects on phytoplankton and primary production, yet the effects of UVB upon bacterioplankton have been largely overlooked. Bacteria play a central role in the cycling of nutrients and energy flow to higher trophic levels, serving as both mineralizers and secondary producers that are consumed by higher organisms. We have begun to investigate the induction of DNA photodamage by UVB in marine planktonic communities using a highly specific radioimmunoassay to measure cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in samples collected from the northern Gulf of Mexico. DNA damage in the bacterioplankton size‐fraction (< 0.8 μ.m) was greater than in the larger eukaryotic size fraction (>0.8 μm <120 μm) in 9 of 10 samples. Diel patterns of dimer accumulation and repair were observed in surface waters over a 48 h period in the bacterioplankton size fraction and in the larger eukaryotic plankton size fraction. Depth profiles of DNA damage in the bacterioplankton size fraction appear to be dependent on surface water mixing. Damage was greatest in surface waters, decreased with depth and could be detected to 10 m in calm seas. No net accumulation of damage was observed in moderate seas, even at the surface. Solar radiation was found to inhibit significantly both 3H‐thymidine and 14C‐leucine incorporation. Ultraviolet B was responsible for approximately half of the total inhibition of 3H‐thymidine incorporation, UVA contributing the other half of the inhibition. The vast majority of 14C‐leucine incorporation inhibition was due to UVB, suggesting that protein synthesis is less affected by UVA. The results demonstrate that direct measures of DNA damage can be made of indigenous planktonic communities and that bacterioplankton are highly susceptible to UVB damage and may serve as a more sensitive indicator of UVR stress than other microorganisms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%