Triadic exchange as design practice

Woodward, Wayne D.

doi:10.1080/10714420109359471

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…When we tried WAFC with the transverse kinetic energy removed for the 2D Noh problem (described later), it gives the wrong shock speed. For that problem, Paul Woodward [40] pointed out to us that conversion of kinetic energy to heat is the critical mechanism, therefore in that case ignoring some kinetic energy is not a good idea. But in [41] the transverse kinetic energy removal is part of a scheme for two-fluid problems and seems to be very effective.…”

Section: D Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Several Difference Schemes on 1D and 2D Test Problems for the Euler Equations

Liska¹,

Wendroff²

2003

SIAM J. Sci. Comput.

340

304

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Section: D Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Several Difference Schemes on 1D and 2D Test Problems for the Euler Equations

Liska¹,

Wendroff²

2003

SIAM J. Sci. Comput.

340

304

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“…The practical-critical position meets this challenge by viewing meaning making as a matter of transactions (Woodward 1996(Woodward , 2000a(Woodward , 2000b(Woodward , 2001 between dominant institutional coalitions and their publics. Transactions are (a) social/cultural, or symbolic, exchanges that depend on (b) material, environmental conditions required to support exchange, as well as (c) interpersonal, or mutual-personal, relations that are also basic to exchange patterns (see Bruner, 1986;Dewey & Bentley, 1949;Woodward, 1996Woodward, , 2001Woodward, , 2003. These three factors, or "triadic" (see Woodward, 1996) levels of transaction-(a) symbolic, (b) material/environmental, and (c) relational-are interdependent and mutually conditioning, so that each level must be understood in terms of its connections with the other two.…”

Section: Practical-critical Planning and Action In Participatory Publmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Relations Planning and Action as "Practical-Critical" Communication

Woodward

2003

Commun Theory

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A practical-critical approach to communication contends that critical analysis should have practical consequences, specifically to extend participation and to introduce innovative forms of communication. Planning and action process models in public relations illustrate the approach. The practical-critical position develops out of a reconstructive revision of existing, instrumental models. The emphases are (a) variabilities and contingencies in communication, (b) temporal sequencing of cooperative activity, (c) conditions of uncertainty that are part of pursuing a shared focus through joint activity, and (d) the interdependent relations among material, symbolic, and relational dimensions of process planning and action. The practical-critical framework provides for continuous, dialectical analysis of a central focus of activity, while deriving benefits from the sequencing of cooperative effort. Communication Theory Volume ThirteenCommunication Theory 412 lated contributions fall short of bridging divisions between critique and the theorizing of practical methodologies. Successful synthesis requires a practical-critical approach to public relations. This perspective supports progressive possibilities inherent to a social, economic, political, and cultural environment in which public relations activities play an increasingly central role in public life and discourse (Davis, 2002). Craig (1989) pointed toward the practical-critical concept when he described the purpose of communication as a practical discipline "to cultivate communicative praxis, or practical art, through critical study" (p. 98). He considered this approach to be an extension of empirical, hermeneutic, and critical traditions (p. 107). This article presents parallel models: instrumental, reconstructive, and practical-critical.The discussion proposes a revised framework for designing and carrying out four-stage planning and action sequences in public relations. The analytical focus is temporal sequencing (Couch, 1990, pp. 20-28) of communicative activities. Temporal sequencing, especially "interpersonal timing" of cooperative activity, "underlies all social activity" (p. 23). A practical-critical perspective is required to explicate this processual aspect of public relations planning and action.These observations support a focus on process planning and action models:1. Process models are underdeveloped in the public relations literature when compared with typological models (J. Grunig & Hunt, 1984, pp. 21-43). Typological models risk becoming static descriptions of structural features unless categorical descriptions are supplemented by emphasis on dynamic "micro interactive processes" (Turner, 1988, pp. 10-11) that contribute to the derivation of structures. Established typological models are now being revised to emphasize dimensions of process (J. Grunig, 2001), and further contributions are necessary.2. Existing process models tend to be mainly outlines of standard steps based on "professional axioms" (Van Leuven, 1989). These do not provide an ad...

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“…Solidarity movements can be initiated among territorial groups seeking spatial mobility and control of physicalartifactual resources as the basis of empowerment, socioeconomic solidarity begins with authority over interpretive and material exchange practices in everyday life, whereas subcultural identity groups initiate action on the basis of mutual-personal participant power (see Woodward, 1996). People are empowered to direct their lives in cities to the extent that all three domains of the triadic field are opened to popular, participatory design (see Winograd, 1996;Woodward, 2001).…”

Section: Celebrating Variability Resisting Totalizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technologized Communications as Artifact/Discourse/Relation: The Case of the Technological City

Woodward

2003

Cultural Studies ↔ Critical Methodologies

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An ontological view of technologized communications supports critical analysis of broadly defined instrumental activities that include not only traditionally recognized media tools and products but also activity systems, operational sequences, and social arrangements. A triadic perspective integrates material (physical-artifactual) and discursive (sociocultural) dimensions, with attention to relational (mutual-personal) practices that underlie technology use and communication. The triadic field is the time-space in which artifacts are administered, meanings circulate, and human relations emerge. Modern and postmodern cities provide an illustration of this broad conception of technologized communications. Concluding discussion considers how technological “enframing” of experience can be offset by participatory openness supported by technologized communications. The emergence of human identity through technologized communications is presented as a focal value.

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Triadic exchange as design practice

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Comparison of Several Difference Schemes on 1D and 2D Test Problems for the Euler Equations

Comparison of Several Difference Schemes on 1D and 2D Test Problems for the Euler Equations

Public Relations Planning and Action as "Practical-Critical" Communication

Technologized Communications as Artifact/Discourse/Relation: The Case of the Technological City

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