Triacylglycerol composition in colostrum, transitional and mature human milk

Abstract

Each state of lactation shows a specific profile of triacylglycerol composition in human milk. However the two most abundant triacylglycerides in colostrum, POO and POL, which account for more than 49% of the total, are also dominant in transitional (34%) and mature milk (42%).

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics Reveals Qualitative and Quantitative Differences in the Composition of Human Breast Milk and Milk Formulas

“…This observation suggests that the content of polar metabolites in HBM changes during the whole lactation period, and not only during the colostrum and transitional lactation phases. A similar observation was already reported, however this was in regard to non-polar metabolites [19].…”

Concentrations of Carotenoids and Tocopherols in Breast Milk from Urban Chinese Mothers and Their Associations with Maternal Characteristics: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…According to the literature [ 26 , 35 , 48 , 49 ], colostrum is the first milk secretion after delivery, persisting until the seventh or 10th day postpartum ; it is followed by the secretion of transitional milk from around the eight and up to 15th day postpartum ; from then, mature milk is secreted, which shows a relative stable composition. Considering that compositions in human milk do not change abruptly, and the timing varies from one mother to another, there are no clear boundaries among colostrum, transitional milk, and mature milk [ 50 , 51 , 52 ]. Therefore, we collected human milk during consecutive lactation stages including 0–4 days, 5–11 days, 12–30 days, 31–60 days, 61–120 days, and 121–240 days postpartum to characterize carotenoids and tocopherols in human milk along lactation.…”

Equid milk for human consumption

“…Donkey and human milk show a certain degree of qualitative similarity in the TAG fractions, human milk being characterised by prevalence of palmiticeoleiceoleic (approximately 24%) and palmiticeoleicelinoleic (approximately 19%), followed by palmiticepalmiticeoleic, oleiceoleiceoleic, palmitice palmitoleiceoleic and linoleiceoleiceoleic (3-8%) (Morera Pons, Bargallo, Folgoso, & Lopez Sabater, 2000;Morera Pons, Castellote, Jauregui, Casals, & Lopez Sabater, 2003). In comparison, in the TAG composition of cow milk butyriceoleicepalmitic, butyrice palmiticepalmitic and butyricemyristicepalmitic are prevalent and no TAGs containing polyunsaturated fatty acids are reported (Chiofalo et al, 2006a).…”