Triacontanol-induced changes in growth, yield, leaf water relations, oxidative defense system, minerals, and some key osmoprotectants in Triticum aestivum under saline conditions

Abstract

To investigate the effect of exogenous application of triacontanol (TRIA) on 2 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars (S-24 and MH-97) under salt stress, an experiment was conducted in a greenhouse under natural climatic conditions. Both cultivars were grown in full strength Hoagland's nutrient solution under nonsaline (0 mM NaCl) or saline (150 mM NaCl) conditions in sand culture. Three optimized TRIA levels (0, 10, and 20 µM) were used as foliar spray at 3 growth stages, i.e. vegetative, boot, and vegetative + boot stages. Ninety-two-day-old plants were subjected to data analysis. Salinity stress adversely affected various growth, physiological, and biochemical attributes in both wheat cultivars at all growth stages. Under salt stress, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) decreased (cv. MH-97), while those of catalase (CAT) and POD (cv. S-24) increased. Contents of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), malondialdehyde (MDA), Na + , and Clincreased in both wheat cultivars at all growth stages. A foliar spray of 10 µM TRIA was more effective in reducing the adverse effects of salt stress on growth, yield, and leaf water relations of wheat plants when applied at the vegetative or vegetative + boot growth stages.

Triacontanol-induced Regulation in the Key Osmoprotectants and Oxidative Defense System of Sunflower Plants at Various Growth Stages under Salt Stress

“…In parallel to our results, foliar application of TRIA enhanced the activity of POD in wheat (Perveen et al, 2011). In contrast to our findings foliar application of TRIA did not alter the SOD activity (Perveen et al, 2014). Salinity tolerance and efficient antioxidant activities are considered to be relevant to each other but it is not always true (Rady et al, 2011).…”

“…In addition, enhancement in growth due to exogenously applied TRIA have been observed in different plants e.g. rice (Pandey et al, 2001), mungbean (Reddy et al, 2002), tomato , hyacinth beans , ginger (Singh et al, 2011), sunflower (Aziz et al, 2013) and wheat (Perveen et al, 2014). Singh et al (2011) reported that TRIA-induced enhancement in growth and yield also depends on stages of its application such as early vegetative stage in wheat (Ries, 1991) and all developmental stages in ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.)…”

“…Foliar application of TRIA can help ameliorate the harmful effects of different abiotic strains on many biochemical, physiological and growth activities in various crops such as canola (Zulfiqar and Shahbaz, 2013), sunflower (Aziz et al, 2013), maize (Ertani et al, 2012), wheat (Perveen et al, 2014), common duckweed (Kilic et al, 2010), seedlings of Erythrina variegata (Muthuchelian et al, 2003) and sweet basil (Borowski and Blamowski, 2009). TRIA strongly inhibits the breakdown of both non-enzymatic and enzymatic lipid peroxidation in chloroplast thylakoid membranes (Ramanarayan et al, 2000) and also works as a better-quality antioxidising agent .…”

THE EFFECT OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR TRIACONTANOL TO THE GROWTH OF CACAO SEEDLINGS (Theobroma cacao L.)

“…Triacontanol is an effective growth regulator that can significantly improve plant growth (Tantos et al, 1999;Tantos et al, 2001;Malabadi and Nataraja, 2007;Perveen et al, 2010;Aziz et al, 2013;Khandaker, 2013;Perveen et al, 2014). This growing regulatory substances are effective on the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and role plays to set up the process associated with the physiology and biochemistry of plants (Jaybhay et al, 2010).…”

“…According to Perveen et al (2014) 10 mM Triacontanol were sprayed on the leaves in order to more effectively reduce the adverse effects of salt stress on growth, yield, and leaf water relations of wheat plants when applied at the vegetative or vegetative + boot growth stages. This growth substance is also effective to normalize metabolic processes on soyben plants treated with salt stress (Krishnar and Kumari, 2008) and chilling stress on the plants of Ocimum basilicum L. (Borowski and Blamowski.…”