“…Table 1 describes the characteristics of the included studies including 14 for the association between TMI and body fat in childhood and adolescence ( 10 , 14 , 18 – 26 , 41 – 43 ), 20 for TMI and CVRFs in childhood and adolescence ( 13 – 18 , 21 , 26 – 34 , 42 – 45 ), and 4 for the association in adulthood ( 35 – 37 , 46 ). Twenty-five of the included studies used a cross-sectional design ( 10 , 13 , 15 – 28 , 30 – 34 , 41 – 43 , 45 ), 2 a retrospective design ( 14 , 44 ), 1 a case-control design ( 29 ), and 4 a cohort design ( 35 – 37 , 46 ).…”