Tri-Objective Optimal PMU Placement Including Accurate State Estimation: The Case of Distribution Systems

Andreoni, Riccardo; Macii, David; Brunelli, Matteo; Petri, Dario

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3074579

Cited by 33 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…DSSE has been widely studied considering the accuracy of the state estimation process (SEP), measurement placement, network observability, and investment cost issues [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16]. In these works, traditional measurements such as substation measurement, line flow measurements, pseudomeasurements based on historical network data, and modern measurements such as phasor measurement units (PMUs) as well as smart metering measurements have been used for an effective state estimation.…”

Section: B Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing an Optimal Framework for PMU Placement Based on Active Distribution System State Estimation Considering Cost-Worth Analysis

et al. 2023

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Due to low levels of observability and automation in active distribution networks (ADNs), the deployment of accurate measurement devices would be inevitable to increase the network observability. This work develops an optimal framework for phasor measurement unit (PMU) placement considering the accuracy of the distribution system state estimation (DSSE) process. In this regard, first, considering the significance of active power in supplying network loads, an active power sensitivity analysis is conducted in which the accuracy of active power injection at each bus is multiplied by its value of lost load. In this way, the accuracy of active power estimation could be transformed into a monetary value. Then, based on the determined sensitivity criterion, the optimal placement of PMUs has been performed with the aim of appropriate accuracy for the DSSE. On the other hand, the accuracy of the results obtained in the state estimation procedure can affect the estimation of line-loadings and lead to load shedding due to the low accuracy of estimated line-loadings. It is noteworthy that due to the high integration of distributed energy resources in distribution systems, ADNs would be prone to congestion issues. Therefore, in the next stage, this perspective is also used for determining the optimal number and location of PMUs in ADNs to improve their observability based on the operational conditions of the network. Finally, the developed algorithm is applied on the 77-bus-UK-test distribution network to investigate its effectiveness in improving the DSSE accuracy and mitigating interrupted loads. The numerical results indicate that implementing the proposed framework not only increases the DSSE accuracy but also decreases the cost of compensating the accuracy of active power by 7% compared to the typical network without PMUs. Further, the results show that the proposed model significantly mitigates the total curtailed loads due to the low accuracy of estimated line-loadings.

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Section: B Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing an Optimal Framework for PMU Placement Based on Active Distribution System State Estimation Considering Cost-Worth Analysis

et al. 2023

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“…The result is the availability of distributed measurement systems (DMSs) capable of assessing the network conditions. For example, PMUs are used, thanks to their synchrophasor measurements, to have an accurate state estimation or voltage control of the network [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. DMSs are used to run algorithms for the fault location or to assess the health status of the electrical assets (see [ 6 , 7 ] and [ 8 , 9 , 10 ], respectively).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simplified and Low-Cost Characterization of Medium-Voltage Low-Power Voltage Transformers in the Power Quality Frequency Range

Mingotti

Betti

Peretto

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The distribution network is experiencing a massive deployment of intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) such as energy meters, protective devices, and phasor measurement units (PMUs). This phenomenon resulted, on the one hand, in (i) the availability of distributed measurement systems capable of monitoring and collecting measurements from the distribution network, and (ii) increasing awareness of the system operator about the status of the network. On the other hand, such a significant number of devices require to be characterized, over the years, and assessed in both sinusoidal and distorted conditions. However, the characterization process may require a huge investment of money and time considering the low availability of reference instruments and accredited laboratories. To this purpose, this paper presents a simple and fast test procedure, performed with cheap and low-voltage instrumentation, to characterize two off-the-shelf low-power medium-voltage sensors in the power quality frequency range. In detail, the paper describes the measurement setup developed for the characterization and the performed tests. In addition, the method was also reproduced with reference equipment for validation purposes. Lastly, for both tests, an uncertainty evaluation was performed to quantify the goodness of the proposed method. From the results, it is possible to appreciate that the designed cheap and simple test can achieve as accurate results as those of a sophisticated and expensive equipment.

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“…Meenakshi Devi and Geethanjali [34] obtained optimal allocation of PMUs by combining the genetic algorithm approach with the minimum spanning tree method. In [35], the authors applied non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA II) for determining optimal locations of PMUs. A realistic method that implements a modified whale optimization algorithm [36] has been suggested with the dual objective of minimizing the required number of PMUs and enhancing the power system reliability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allocation of Optimal PMUs for Power System Observability Using PROMETHEE Approach

Kundu

Alam

Roy

et al. 2022

International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems

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Phasor measurement units (PMUs) are becoming a vital measurement device in wide-area monitoring, operation, and control. The allocation of PMU at each bus will make that bus directly observable. However, considering the high installation costs, it is not feasible to place PMU at each bus. Thus, placing the PMUs at optimal locations is extremely important. In this study, the Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment of Evaluation (PROMETHEE)-based multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) technique has been applied for the optimal allocation of phasor measurement units (PMUs) with the aim of achieving full system observability. Along with the entire network observability, the proposed approach provides maximum measurement redundancy (MR) too. Unlike some previous popular MCDM techniques, the proposed approach obtains optimal PMU placement (OPP) solution without performing pruning operations. Different criterion has been formulated to construct a decision matrix (DM). This DM helps in calculating the net outranking flow (NOF) of all the buses during the PROMETHEE approach. Based on the maximum NOF value, the PMUs are placed at those buses. The proposed approach also considers the inclusion of zero injection buses (ZIBs). Further, cases such as single PMU outage and existence of conventional measurements have been considered while determining optimal locations of PMUs. The proposed algorithm is demonstrated on IEEE 14-bus, 30-bus, 57-bus, and 118-bus systems, one Indian practical utility, i.e., Northern Regional Power Grid (NRPG) 246-bus system, and larger Polish 2383-bus system. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, it has been compared with some of the popular existing techniques.

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Tri-Objective Optimal PMU Placement Including Accurate State Estimation: The Case of Distribution Systems

Cited by 33 publications

References 60 publications

Developing an Optimal Framework for PMU Placement Based on Active Distribution System State Estimation Considering Cost-Worth Analysis

Developing an Optimal Framework for PMU Placement Based on Active Distribution System State Estimation Considering Cost-Worth Analysis

Simplified and Low-Cost Characterization of Medium-Voltage Low-Power Voltage Transformers in the Power Quality Frequency Range

Allocation of Optimal PMUs for Power System Observability Using PROMETHEE Approach

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