Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (Nichols) and Treponema pallidum subspecies pertenue (CDC 2575) differ in at least one nucleotide: comparison of two homologous antigens

Noordhoek, G. T.; Hermans, Peter W. M.; Paul, A. N.; Schouls, Leo M.; Sluis, J. J. Van Der; Embden, J. D. A. Van

doi:10.1016/0882-4010(89)90005-3

Cited by 72 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Search of GenEMBL, SWISSPROT, and PIR-Protein databases showed no homologies of FtpA to other pilin proteins but did show homology to E. coli Dps (32% identity and 72% similarity) (5) and T. pallidum TpF1 (also known as 4D) (21% identity and 55% similarity) (Fig. 8) over the entire sequence (32). Neither Dps nor 4D is currently …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine tangled pili expressed by Haemophilus ducreyi are a novel class of pili

et al. 1996

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Haemophilus ducreyi synthesizes fine, tangled pili composed predominantly of a protein whose apparent molecular weight is 24,000 (24K). A hybridoma, 2D8, produced a monoclonal antibody (MAb) that bound to a 24K protein in H. ducreyi strains isolated from diverse geographic locations. A gt11 H. ducreyi library was screened with MAb 2D8. A 3.5-kb chromosomal insert from one reactive plaque was amplified and ligated into the pCRII vector. The recombinant plasmid, designated pHD24, expressed a 24K protein in Escherichia coli INV␣F that bound MAb 2D8. The coding sequence of the 24K gene was localized by exonuclease III digestion. The insert contained a 570-bp open reading frame, designated ftpA (fine, tangled pili). Translation of ftpA predicted a polypeptide with a molecular weight of 21.1K. The predicted N-terminal amino acid sequence of the polypeptide encoded by ftpA was identical to the N-terminal amino acid sequence of purified pilin and lacked a cleavable signal sequence. Primer extension analysis of ftpA confirmed the lack of a leader peptide. The predicted amino acid sequence lacked homology to known pilin sequences but shared homology with the sequences of E. coli Dps and Treponema pallidum antigen TpF1 or 4D, proteins which associate to form ordered rings. An isogenic pilin mutant, H. ducreyi 35000ftpA::mTn3(Cm), was constructed by shuttle mutagenesis and did not contain pili when examined by electron microscopy. We conclude that H. ducreyi synthesizes fine, tangled pili that are composed of a unique major subunit, which may be exported by a signal sequence independent mechanism.Haemophilus ducreyi is the causative agent of the genital ulcer disease chancroid (46). Genital ulcer disease due to H. ducreyi is an independent risk factor for human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity (24,44,46,47). H. ducreyi is a strictly human pathogen that primarily infects the skin and mucous membranes. Little is known about the mechanisms by which H. ducreyi causes disease (31, 46). H. ducreyi adheres to extracellular matrix proteins (1), several immortalized cell lines (27,28,37), human fibroblasts (3, 28), and human keratinocytes in vitro (12,45). However, the identities of the surface components that mediate adherence to human tissues and the cells to which H. ducreyi binds in vivo are presently unknown.Pili (fimbriae) are filamentous appendages present on the surface of most gram-negative bacteria and serve as adhesins. H. ducreyi synthesizes fine, tangled pili, the expression of which has been associated with binding to laminin (1, 40). Purified pili are composed predominantly of a major subunit whose apparent molecular weight is 24,000 (24K) as well as several minor higher-molecular-weight bands (18,22,40). Immunization with purified pili provides partial protection against experimental infection in the temperature-dependent rabbit model (18).In order to study the role of H. ducreyi pili in pathogenesis, we isolated a gene, designated ftpA (fine, tangled pili) that encodes the 24K protein. We show that FtpA lacked ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine tangled pili expressed by Haemophilus ducreyi are a novel class of pili

et al. 1996

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“…Plaques were transferred to Colony/Plaque Screen Membranes (Dupont, Boston, Mass.) as described by Noordhoek et al (24). Southern blot hybridization procedures (33) were performed as described previously (16).…”

Section: Materuils and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a major polymorphic tandem repeat in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its potential use in the epidemiology of Mycobacterium kansasii and Mycobacterium gordonae

1992

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In this study, the occurrence of repeated DNA sequences in the chromosome of Repetitive DNA sequences have also been found in mycobacteria. The insertion elements IS900 from Mycobacterium paratuberculosis (4, 12), IS901 from Mycobacterium avium (19), IS1096 from Mycobacterium smegmatis (2), IS1081 from Mycobacterium bovis, and the IS3 family of insertion elements present in the species of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (15,22,37) are present in multiple copies in the mycobacterial chromosome (16,40). Additionally, unidentified repeated sequences, or repeats which do not share characteristics with other sequences, have been found in Mycobacterium leprae (3, 13, 43) and M. tuberculosis (6, 14, 15, 27).The mycobacterial repeated DNA sequences described above were selected from gene libraries on the basis of their species specificity or differences in hybridization to particular DNA probes. However, no systematic study has been done on the major classes of repetitive DNA in mycobacteria.In this study, we investigated systematically the occurrence of repetitive DNA in M. tuberculosis. We show that a major repetitive DNA in this species belongs to a family consisting of short tandemly repeated sequences of 10 bp, separated by 5-bp spacer DNA. Furthermore, we analyzed the presence of this DNA family in other mycobacterial species and the potential use of this repetitive DNA for * Corresponding author.subtyping of mycobacterial strains and the epidemiology of mycobacterioses.

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“…N-terminal sequencing from a Coomassie blue-stained 2-D gel allowed the determination of the sequence for Gsp20u (SEQLIQAVNKQVAN) (6), which matches the sequence of the hypothetical protein YtkB of B. subtilis (predicted molecular mass, 16.59 kDa; predicted isoelectric point, 4.64). Database searches of YtkB showed significant similarity to the MrgA protein of B. subtilis (12,13) and to the E. coli Dps/PexB protein (1), indicating that Gsp20u belongs to the family of Dps-homologous proteins, which are present in a variety of organisms (33)(34)(35) (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Identification Of Dps On 2-d Gels By N-terminal Sequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(accession no. p17915 and p16665 [33]). Black shadows indicate identical amino acids, and grey shadows indicate similar amino acids.…”

Section: Identification Of Dps On 2-d Gels By N-terminal Sequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of a stress- and starvation-induced dps/pexB-homologous gene is controlled by the alternative sigma factor sigmaB in Bacillus subtilis

et al. 1997

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B -dependent general stress proteins (Gsps) of Bacillus subtilis are essential for the development of glucosestarvation-induced cross-resistance to oxidative challenge. However, the proteins directly involved in this nonspecific resistance to oxidative stress have to be identified. We found that one prominent Gsp displayed strong sequence similarity to the previously characterized oxidative-stress-inducible MrgA protein of B. subtilis and to the starvation-induced Dps/PexB protein of Escherichia coli. We therefore designated this prominent Gsp Dps. While MrgA belongs to the peroxide-stress-inducible proteins needed for the H 2 O 2 -inducible adaptive response to oxidative stress, Dps belongs to the proteins induced by heat, salt, or ethanol stress and after starvation for glucose but not by a sublethal oxidative challenge. Primer extension experiments identified two overlapping promoters upstream of the coding region of dps, one being B dependent (P B ) and the other being B independent (P 1 ). Both promoters contribute to the basal level of dps during growth. After stress or during entry into the stationary phase, transcription from P B strongly increased whereas transcription from P 1 decreased. Mutant strains lacking Dps completely failed to develop glucose-starvation-induced resistance to oxidative stress. These results confirm our suggestion that B -dependent general stress proteins of B. subtilis are absolutely required for the development of nonspecific resistance to oxidative stress.As has been described for Escherichia coli cells (20), Bacillus subtilis cells respond to the deleterious effects of hydrogen peroxide in two different ways. Exposure of exponentially growing cells to sublethal levels of hydrogen peroxide confers protection against subsequent treatment with lethal doses of hydrogen peroxide (32). This inducible resistance to oxidative stress is caused by the specific induction of genes of the peroxide regulon, including the genes encoding vegetative catalase (KatA), alkyl hydroperoxide reductase (AhpCF), and a DNAbinding and -protecting protein (MrgA) (14,15,21).In contrast, stationary-phase cells which are starved for glucose are constitutively resistant to lethal H 2 O 2 levels (16). The alternative sigma factor B was found to be strongly activated after stress or during glucose starvation (7, 10). More than 60 general stress proteins which are strongly induced by heat, salt, and ethanol stress or on entry into the stationary phase provoked by starvation for glucose belong to this large B -dependent-stress and stationary-phase regulon (8,11,22,40). Despite the large number of B -dependent proteins identified so far (11,22,40), sigB mutants showed no detectable growth or sporulation phenotype (9,17,24,26). Because of their nonspecific induction profile, B -dependent proteins, like the "postexponential starvation" proteins of E. coli, are thought to provide nongrowing cells with a general resistant state (22,31). This assumption gained support by the finding that the Bdependent catalase KatE ...

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Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (Nichols) and Treponema pallidum subspecies pertenue (CDC 2575) differ in at least one nucleotide: comparison of two homologous antigens

Cited by 72 publications

References 30 publications

Fine tangled pili expressed by Haemophilus ducreyi are a novel class of pili

Fine tangled pili expressed by Haemophilus ducreyi are a novel class of pili

Characterization of a major polymorphic tandem repeat in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its potential use in the epidemiology of Mycobacterium kansasii and Mycobacterium gordonae

Expression of a stress- and starvation-induced dps/pexB-homologous gene is controlled by the alternative sigma factor sigmaB in Bacillus subtilis

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