Trends towards Lower Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Characterization of Acquired Resistance among Clinical Isolates of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae in Spain

Hidalgo, Álvaro; Carvajal, Ana; Vester, Birte; Pringle, Märit; Naharro, Germán; Rubio, Pedro

doi:10.1128/aac.01749-10

Cited by 71 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…For valnemulin, the results were similar to those previously reported (Karlsson et al 1999, 2002, Rohde et al 2004, Hidalgo et al 2009, 2011, Zmudzki et al 2012, Alvarez et al 2013, Mirajkar & Gebhart 2013. The MIC50 results for tiamulin were higher than those published elsewhere, but the MIC90 was similar to the results obtained by Rohde et al (2004), Hidalgo et al (2011) and by Alvarez et al (2013). The resistance related to tiamulin and to the other pleuromutilins is derived from point mutations in the V domain of the 23S rRNA gene and the ribosomal protein L3 (Hidalgo et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The MIC50 results for tiamulin were higher than those published elsewhere, but the MIC90 was similar to the results obtained by Rohde et al (2004), Hidalgo et al (2011) and by Alvarez et al (2013). The resistance related to tiamulin and to the other pleuromutilins is derived from point mutations in the V domain of the 23S rRNA gene and the ribosomal protein L3 (Hidalgo et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

“…Few studies have specifically evaluated the reduction of tylvalosin sensitivity. Hidalgo et al (2011) identified a mutation in the 23S gene at position 2059 associated with resistance to tylvalosin. For lincomycin, the MIC50 was higher compared with that reported in the literature (Karlsson et al 1999, Karlsson et al 2002, Karlsson et al 2003, Rohde et al 2004, Hidalgo et al 2011, Zmudzki et al 2012, Mirajkar & Gebhart 2013, however, the MIC 90 was similar to those obtained by Hidalgo et al (2009) and Alvarez et al (2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Minimum inhibitory concentration of Brazilian Brachyspira hyodysenteriae strains

et al. 2017

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The objectives of this study were to characterize Brachyspira hyodysenteriae isolates and to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of strains obtained from pigs in Brazil based on the minimal inhibitory concentration test (MIC). The MIC was performed for 22 B. hyodysenteriae isolates obtained from 2011 to 2013 using the following antimicrobial drugs: tylosin, tiamulin, valnemulin, doxycycline, lincomycin and tylvalosin. Outbreaks of swine dysentery were diagnosed based on clinical presentation, bacterial isolation, gross and microscopic lesions, duplex PCR for B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli and nox gene sequencing. All obtained MIC values were consistently higher or equal to the microbiological cut-off described in the literature. The MIC 90 values for the tested drugs were 8μg/ml for doxycycline, >4μg/ml for valnemulin, 8μg/ml for tiamulin, 32μg/ml for tylvalosin, >64μg/ml for lincomycin and >128μg/ml for tylosin. These results largely corroborate those reported in the literature. Tiamulin, doxycycline and tylvalosin showed the lowest MIC results. All of the samples subjected to phylogenetic analysis based on the nox gene sequence exhibited similar results, showing 100% identity to B. hyodysenteriae. This is the first study describing the MIC pattern of B. hyodysenteriae isolated in Brazil.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Minimum inhibitory concentration of Brazilian Brachyspira hyodysenteriae strains

et al. 2017

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“…hyodysenteriae and/or B. pilosicoli strains from numerous countries, including Australia (13), Belgium (20), the Czech Republic (21), Germany (22), Italy (23), Japan (24), Netherlands (25), Poland (26), Spain (27), Sweden (15), and the United Kingdom (28), were reported to have low susceptibilities to one or more antimicrobial agents. Some studies have also identified resistant strains in several farms or regions as a result of clonal dissemination (23,28).…”

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confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Brachyspira Species Isolated from Swine Herds in the United States

2016

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Outbreaks of swine dysentery, caused by Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and the recently discovered "Brachyspira hampsonii," have reoccurred in North American swine herds since the late 2000s. Additionally, multiple Brachyspira species have been increasingly isolated by North American diagnostic laboratories. In Europe, the reliance on antimicrobial therapy for control of swine dysentery has been followed by reports of antimicrobial resistance over time. The objectives of our study were to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility trends of four Brachyspira species originating from U.S. swine herds and to investigate their associations with the bacterial species, genotypes, and epidemiological origins of the isolates. We evaluated the susceptibility of B. hyodysenteriae, B. hampsonii, Brachyspira pilosicoli, and Brachyspira murdochii to tiamulin, valnemulin, doxycycline, lincomycin, and tylosin by broth microdilution and that to carbadox by agar dilution. In general, Brachyspira species showed high susceptibility to tiamulin, valnemulin, and carbadox, heterogeneous susceptibility to doxycycline, and low susceptibility to lincomycin and tylosin. A trend of decreasing antimicrobial susceptibility by species was observed (B. hampsonii > B. hyodysenteriae > B. murdochii > B. pilosicoli). In general, Brachyspira isolates from the United States were more susceptible to these antimicrobials than were isolates from other countries. Decreased antimicrobial susceptibility was associated with the genotype, stage of production, and production system from which the isolate originated, which highlights the roles of biosecurity and husbandry in disease prevention and control. Finally, this study also highlights the urgent need for Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute-approved clinical breakpoints for Brachyspira species, to facilitate informed therapeutic and control strategies.

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“…(Table 3). Most published studies have focused on the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding ribosomal RNA and ribosomal proteins and increased MIC to drugs that act by inhibiting protein synthesis inhibitors, including macrolides, lincosamides, pleuromutilins, doxycycline, chloramphenicol, and florfenicol (Pringle et al 2004(Pringle et al , 2007Hidalgo et al 2011;Verlinden et al 2011;Hillen et al 2014). Narrow-spectrum ␤-lactamases, including 13 enzymes related to OXA-63, have also been identified in B. pilosicoli (Meziane-Cherif et al 2008;Mortimer-Jones et al 2008;La et al 2015).…”

Section: Objective Measures Of Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the current state of antimicrobial susceptibility test methods forBrachyspira

Kulathunga

Rubin

2017

Can. J. Microbiol.

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Abstract:The re-emergence of swine dysentery (Brachyspira-associated muco-haemorrhagic colitis) since the late 2000s has illuminated diagnostic challenges associated with this genus. The methods used to detect, identify, and characterize Brachyspira from clinical samples have not been standardized, and laboratories frequently rely heavily on in-house techniques. Particularly concerning is the lack of standardized methods for determining and interpreting the antimicrobial susceptibility of Brachyspira spp. The integration of laboratory data into a treatment plan is a critical component of prudent antimicrobial usage. Therefore, the lack of standardized methods is an important limitation to the evidence-based use of antimicrobials. This review will focus on describing the methodological limitations and inconsistencies between current susceptibility testing schemes employed for Brachyspira, provide an overview of what we do know about the susceptibility of these organisms, and suggest future directions to improve and standardize diagnostic strategies.Key words: Brachyspira, susceptibility test, method standardization, veterinary diagnostics, swine dysentery.Résumé : La réémergence de la dysenterie porcine (colite muco-hémorragique associée à Brachyspira) depuis la fin des années 2000 a mis en lumière les défis diagnostiques associés à ce genre. Les méthodes utilisées pour détecter, identifier et caractériser Brachyspira à partir d'échantillons cliniques n'ont jamais été standardisées et les laboratoires dépendent fréquemment et fortement de méthodes maison. L'absence de méthodes standardisées pour déterminer et interpréter la susceptibilité antimicrobienne de Brachyspira spp. est particulièrement inquiétante. L'intégration de données expérimentales à un plan de traitement est une composante importante de l'utilisation avisée d'antimicrobiens, et l'absence de méthodes standardisées constitue conséquemment une limite importante à l'utilisation d'antimicrobiens fondée sur des données probantes. Cette synthèse se concentrera sur la description des limites méthodologiques et des incohérences actuelles qui existent entre les programmes de tests utilisés pour Brachyspira, fournira un exposé général de ce que les auteurs connaissent de la susceptibilité de ces organismes et suggérera des orientations afin d'améliorer et standardiser les stratégies diagnostiques. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Mots-clés : Brachyspira, test de susceptibilité, standardisation de méthodes, diagnostics vétérinaires, dysenterie porcine.

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Trends towards Lower Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Characterization of Acquired Resistance among Clinical Isolates of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae in Spain

Cited by 71 publications

References 39 publications

Minimum inhibitory concentration of Brazilian Brachyspira hyodysenteriae strains

Minimum inhibitory concentration of Brazilian Brachyspira hyodysenteriae strains

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Brachyspira Species Isolated from Swine Herds in the United States

A review of the current state of antimicrobial susceptibility test methods forBrachyspira

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