Trends of Stability Indices and Environmental Parameters Derived from the Rawinsonde Data over South Korea

Eom, Hyo-Sik; Suh, Myoung‐Seok

doi:10.5467/jkess.2011.32.5.461

Cited by 4 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This means that among the daily soundings (00:00 and 12:00 UTC), the atmospheric condition was more favorable for the generation of deep convection (largest CAPE and Lowest LI) at 12:00 UTC. This result agrees with those of Eom et al (2008) and Miki (2001, 2002). The water vapor reached maximum value in late evening, due to thermally induced regional circulation Miki 2001, 2002).…”

Section: Datasupporting

confidence: 83%

“…In this case, there is a high probability of convection, that is, air ascending in a natural or artificial way, where it could easily be saturated. In addition, the lower the altitude of LCL was, the lower the cloud base appeared, which is related to high relative humidity in the boundary layer and the probability of tornado generation (Rasmussen and Blanchard 1998;Craven et al 2002;Eom et al 2008). As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Distribution Of Lcl Lfc El and Depth Of Fclmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…It shows a little seasonal variation in PH, BYD, and SC which are located in a coastal region at relatively high latitude. The seasonal variation of CAPE is related to the seasonal march of Asian monsoon system (Eom et al 2008). In July and August, when the solar insolation is greatest, deep convection occurs easily.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The distribution of the mean value followed a similar pattern, in descending order of GJ, OS, and GS. The CAPE value was largest in GJ which is different with the result of Eom et al (2008). They investigated that the CAPE value for OS is largest.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, the climatological temporal and spatial characteristics were not observed. Eom et al (2008), in a climatological study of the upper atmosphere in Korea, showed that the stability index and the environmental parameters were influenced by the geographical position of the station and the seasonal variation of the vertical structure of the atmosphere due to solar energy. They analyzed the upper atmosphere rawinsonde data of 5 stations in Korea for the period [1997][1998][1999][2000][2001][2002][2003][2004][2005][2006].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of convective energy at upper level in South Korea and the possibility of artificial showery rain caused by activated CAPE

Lee

Byun

2011

Theor Appl Climatol

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This paper reports a theoretical study on the possibility of inducing artificial showery rain using the convective available potential energy, which is naturally stored in the troposphere. We calculated the environmental parameters (frequency of climatic values, extreme value of stability index, etc.) in the upper troposphere using rawinsonde data from six main stations in Korea from 2001 to 2008 and examined the temporal spatial convective energy according to region. Our results showed that convective available potential energy, which can induce artificial rainfall, existed in the troposphere mainly in summer and were low in other seasons. Its value was found to be highest during late afternoon and in inland regions. We examined the vertical structure of the atmosphere using moisture convergence and vertical velocity (omega) and found that precipitation occurred under strong real latent instability conditions with high convective available potential energy (>3,000 J/kg) in summer and was characterized by moisture convergence at 1,000-400 hPa, moisture divergence at 400-300 hPa, and continuous ascending air current at 1,000-300 hPa (-ω), on average. However, precipitation still did not occur in more than half the cases with high convective available potential energy because, according to the analysis, convective rainfall is affected to a greater extent by the value of convective inhibition than by convective available potential energy. It was also verified that in spite of zero convective inhibition, if the updrafts at a lower level were not sufficient to generate high convective available potential energy at a level higher than the level of free convection, convective rainfall would not occur under real latent instability. Therefore, we suggest it might be possible during the summer to secure the water resources in regions without precipitation by inducing ascending air current artificially under unstable atmospheric conditions to induce showery rain.

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Section: Datasupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Distribution Of Lcl Lfc El and Depth Of Fclmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of convective energy at upper level in South Korea and the possibility of artificial showery rain caused by activated CAPE

Lee

Byun

2011

Theor Appl Climatol

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Seasonal and diurnal variations of stability indices and environmental parameters using NCEP FNL data over East Asia

Eom

Suh

2011

Asia-Pacific J Atmos Sci

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Seasonal and diurnal variations of commonly used stability indices (SIs) and environmental parameters (EPs) over East Asia were examined by using eight years (2000~2007) 6-hr National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) final (FNL) global reanalysis data. The quality of the FNL data was also evaluated by using the routine rawinsonde data over South Korea. Most of the SIs and EPs shows significant seasonal variation (SV) and diurnal variation (DV), but their magnitudes are dependent on the geographic locations and seasons. In general, the SV and DV of SIs and EPs are greater over the inland area than that over the waters around the Korean peninsula, and the magnitude of DV is significantly larger during summer than during other seasons. The mid-to-upper atmosphere of the East Sea also exhibits relatively stable conditions during the summer due to the extended Okhotsk sea air mass. As a result, the SIs and EPs of the summer show a "C" shape with a minimum instability over the East Sea. The spatial distribution of the SIs and EPs also shows that the eastern and south-eastern region of China is the most favorable for deep convection during the summer. The DV of SIs and EPs are more significant in the inland area than on the coast with maximum (minimum) at 0600 UTC (1800 UTC). Although the spatial distribution of DV pattern is well suited to that of rawinsonde data, the time of the maximum and minimum instability over South Korea does not correspond to that of the rawinsonde data, which occurred at 1200 UTC and 0000 UTC (Eom et al., 2008). Compared to the rawinsonde data, the FNL data have a large RMSE in the temperature, wind, and mixing ratio especially at the lower troposphere. Therefore, the FNL data should be used with caution, especially for the perfect boundary condition experiments with various numerical simulation models.

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Characteristics of Rawinsonde Data-Based Storm-Relative Helicity Collected during the Early Summer Monsoon Period in the Southwest Korean Peninsula

Jung

Kwon

et al. 2018

SOLA

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The kinetic energy associated with Chang-ma periods was investigated using rawinsonde data from Korea during 2013−2015. Changes in kinetic energy (which is defined in terms of storm relative helicity, SRH) were more pronounced than changes in thermal energy (which is defined in terms of convective available potential energy, CAPE) during precipitation. The median value of SRH increased by 14, 125, and 185 m 2 s −2 in no-rain, weakrain (< 5 mm 3 hr −1), and strong-rain (≥ 5 mm 3 hr −1) time periods, respectively. However, the values of CAPE remained below 100 J kg −1 regardless of the rainfall intensity. Moreover, the correlation coefficients (R) between SRH and precipitation amount about 0.4 with 99% confidence level. In addition, we used two vectors constituting the SRH (storm motion vector and horizontal wind vector) to determine the reason for the SRH differences. The change in the y-components of the horizontal wind vector at low levels (850−750 hPa) was determined to be closely related to SRH. The increase in SRH during the precipitation periods was therefore determined to be due to the low-level southerly wind. Based on these results, we conclude that SRH can be used not only to predict mesoscale storms but also to forecast precipitation in the early summer monsoon season in Korea.

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Trends of Stability Indices and Environmental Parameters Derived from the Rawinsonde Data over South Korea

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Distribution of convective energy at upper level in South Korea and the possibility of artificial showery rain caused by activated CAPE

Distribution of convective energy at upper level in South Korea and the possibility of artificial showery rain caused by activated CAPE

Seasonal and diurnal variations of stability indices and environmental parameters using NCEP FNL data over East Asia

Characteristics of Rawinsonde Data-Based Storm-Relative Helicity Collected during the Early Summer Monsoon Period in the Southwest Korean Peninsula

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