Trends of Indigenous Healing Among People with Psychiatric Disorders: Comparative Study of Arabic and Kurdish Ethnicities in Iraq

Rahim, Twana Abdulrahman; Saeed, Banaz Adnan; Farhan, Hafidh Muhammed; Aziz, Rosh Rauf

doi:10.1007/s10943-014-9915-2

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Some of those continued to visit the faith healers routinely. A study performed in the region by Rahim et al[52] reported approximate results of 49%. While in a study conducted in India, they found that 8% of psychiatric patients consult a traditional faith healer at the beginning of their complaints[53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of patients attending the child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinic in Erbil city

Abdulqader¹,

Saeed²

2019

PLoS ONE

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Background The Erbil psychiatric hospital is the major governmental psychiatric facility in the governorate of Erbil, the capital of the Kurdistan region in Iraq, providing services for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients from the city and its surrounding areas. The child and adolescent outpatient clinic in the hospital is for patients younger than 18 years. The objectives of this study were to explore the sociodemographic, pregnancy and birth characteristics, as well as the clinical profiles, of patients who presented to the child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinic to statistically estimate the frequency of various psychiatric disorders among the attendees and to test hypotheses of the association of these psychiatric disorders with sociodemographic and birth and pregnancy characteristics as reported by many previous studies but with inconsistent results. Methods A descriptive consecutive cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2017 to February 2018 in the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Outpatient Clinic in Erbil province of Iraq’s Kurdistan region. The diagnostic criteria of the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5 th edition) were implemented. Chi-square tests were used to test the hypothesized associations. Results Of a total of 207 patients, 142 were males and 65 were females, and most lived in low socioeconomic status. Most of the patients’ fathers were school educated, and most mothers were illiterate. Consanguinity was found in 41% of the parents, 26.6% of the patients were born by caesarean section(C/S), 62.8% were nurtured exclusively by breastfeeding in their first six months after birth, 42.5% of them visited faith healers before consulting a psychiatrist, 43% had neurodevelopmental disorders, 26.6% had intellectual disabilities with behavioral and emotional comorbidities and 30.4% had other mental/behavioral disorders. Conclusion This study revealed that the child and adolescent psychiatric disorders in Erbil city are versatile and that many factors are significantly associated with them. Cultural concepts are still influential in the region in a way that can interfere with children’s well-being, a situation that calls for more concern and attention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of patients attending the child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinic in Erbil city

Abdulqader¹,

Saeed²

2019

PLoS ONE

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“…There is an already established precedent for differences across the country regarding health and breastfeeding. Between the Kurdish region in the north and the south/central areas of Iraq, communities already interact with health systems and ideas of healing differently [30]. Studies of breastfeeding suggest that the south breastfeeds more than the northern governorates in the Kurdish region, with some variation in beliefs associated with breastfeeding [17,18], although the interpretation from these studies is limited by a large time difference between the two cross-sectional surveys.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Iraqi Regional Differences on Infant Feeding through Breastfeeding and Formula

Tribble¹

2018

KJAR

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Research tends to focus on the health implications of breastfeeding, but understanding associations that might drive maternal choice in infant feeding practice is also very important. To understand the relationship between women’s feeding strategies for their children and the context in which they live in Iraq, mixed methods are deployed through analysis of surveys and interviews. Using data from the 2000 and 2011 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, trends are quantitatively examined in breastfeeding and infant formula use for Iraq using linear probability models. Interviews are qualitatively analyzed that were collected from women in Sulaimani governorate in the Kurdish region of Iraq to begin understanding the reasons why Iraqi women initiate breastfeeding and formula use. Being urban, wealthier, and more educated increases the probability of a mother using infant formula, while only increasing wealth and increasing education are associated with increasing the probability of breastfeeding. In 2000, governorates significantly differ in the probability of mothers using infant formula (e.g. Karbala = 24.32 percentage points lower probability of using infant formula relative to Sulaimani, (p<0.0001), but differences in breastfeeding seem to be between the southern and northern governorates (e.g. Karbala = 6.78 percentage points higher probability of breastfeeding relative to Sulaimani, (p<0.01). Over the ensuing decade, the probability of breastfeeding decreases, and the probability of infant formula use increases across most governorates. Interviews provide narratives that help explain these trends such as mothers continuing to breastfeed during stressful times but using infant formula when working outside of the home. Between governorate differences could be driven by differences in conflict over the decade. This study contributes to a more nuanced perspective on infant feeding practices in Iraq at the governorate level, suggesting that future maternal-child nutrition studies need to account for the effects of where a mother lives within Iraq.

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Trends of Indigenous Healing Among People with Psychiatric Disorders: Comparative Study of Arabic and Kurdish Ethnicities in Iraq

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

Characteristics of patients attending the child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinic in Erbil city

Characteristics of patients attending the child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinic in Erbil city

Comparing Iraqi Regional Differences on Infant Feeding through Breastfeeding and Formula

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