Trends in time allocation: A cross-country analysis

Abstract

Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. www.econstor.eu The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit organization supported by Deutsche Post Foundation. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its international network, workshops and conferences, data service, project support, research visits and doctoral program. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. Terms of use: Documents in D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E SIZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. Using detailed time-use data for seven industrialized countries from the 1970s until today we document general decreases in men's market work coupled with increases in men's unpaid work and child care, and increases in women's paid work and child care coupled with decreases in unpaid work. We also find almost universal increases in the time devoted to watching television over this period, and uncover a widespread increase in leisure inequality in favor of lower educated adults. Trends in leisure inequality mirror the general increase in income and earnings inequality experienced in most countries over this period, especially after the mid-1980s. All these findings are consistent with previous results for the US. However, in contrast to the increases in leisure found for the US, we fail to find common trends in leisure time across countries over the period analyzed.JEL Classification: D12, D13, J2

Leisure participation patterns and gender wage gap—evidence from Chinese manufacturing industry

“…This study also found that male and female employees are actually similar to allocating time for household activities in general, which is consistent with the findings of Gimenez-Nadal and Sevilla (2012). In addition, due to the influence of Chinese traditional culture, parents of employees bear the responsibility of taking care of children, so the child-rearing costs and the opportunity cost of doing household both are grossly overestimated to women in China.…”

“…More women are engaged in the labor market, and men and women tend to share a more equal with housework load (Tanja 2015). According to the time-use data of residents of seven developed countries, Gimenez-Nadal and Sevilla (2012) found that men are reducing time spent in work and increasing time spent in housework, while women are just the opposite. Bara and Leukhina (2011) also confirmed the above findings based on data of dual-employee families from 1959 to 1999.…”

Household work and energy consumption: a degrowth perspective. Catalonia’s case study

“…5 These demographic patterns have also social consequences; the most worrisome is the tendency towards the social isolation of the single person households (Jarvis, 2011). 6 We list here just some of them: gender analysis of standard of living in industrialized (Picchio, 2003) and less industrialized countries (Antonopoulous and Hirway, 2010); eco-feminist studies on the unpaid work (McMahon, 1997;Jochimsen and Knobloch, 1997;O'Hara, 1997;Perkins, 1997;Pietilä, 1997); studies which aim to obtain the correct mix of qualitative and quantitative analysis of time activities in a critical gender perspective (Carrasco, 2003;Carrasco and Mayordomo, 2005); the cross-countries analysis in the allocation of time exploring gender convergence in domestic work and leisure pattern in different regions of the world (Kan et al, 2011;Gimenez-Nadal and Sevilla-Sanz, 2011;Fisher and Robinson, 2011); analysis on the trends in the valuation of households' unpaid work (Hamdad, 2003); papers on the different application of time-use data to diverse subjects (Joyce and Stewart, 1999); the importance of unpaid work to reach the millennium developments goals (UNDP, 2005a).…”

Marriage and Marriage Markets

“…13 Nevertheless, given the predominance of heterosexual couples and women's larger role in household production relative to that of men (see Gimenez-Nadal and Sevilla-Sanz 2012) most recent empirical applications of marriage market models tend to focus more on women's role in household production or on the effects of marriage market conditions on women's labor supply.…”