Trends in the Transformation of European Agriculture

Kostrowicki, Jerzy

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-3290-9_2

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In the Mediterranean regions, the pattern of agriculture is diverse. A market‐oriented type of agriculture with crop cultivation predominates but considerable areas of traditional small‐scale agriculture still occur (Kostrowicki 1991). According to recent studies on climate change in Europe (Hulme and Carter 2000), Spain will see increasing temperatures and dryness, mainly in the south and east of the country, and an associated displacement of cereals northwards (Olesen and Brindi 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can climate data from METEOSAT improve wildlife distribution models?

Suárez‐Seoane¹,

Osborne²,

Rosema³

2004

Ecography

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Global climate change generated by human activities is likely to affect agroecosystems in several ways: reinforcing intensification in northern and western Europe, and extensification in the Mediterranean countries. If we are to predict the consequences of global warming for wildlife, distribution models have to include climate data. The METEOSAT temporal series from EWBMS offers an attractive alternative to using climatic surfaces derived from ground stations. The aim of this paper is to test whether this climatic satellite data can improve the distribution models obtained previously by Suárez-Seoane et al. using habitat variables for three agro-steppe bird species: great bustard, little bustard and calandra lark in Spain. Rainfall, radiation balance, evapotranspiration and soil moisture images were incorporated together with the other variables used as predictors in the published stepwise GAM models. Changes in the predicted distributions from the habitat only and climate-habitats models were assessed by reference to the CORINE land cover categories. Inclusion of climatic variables from METEOSAT led to statistically superior models for all three species. There were large differences in the climatic variables selected and the original variables dropped among the species. Evapotranspiration variables were the most frequently selected. Maps of the differences between the habitat and climate-habitat models showed very different patterns for the three species. Inclusion of climate variables led to a wider range of land cover types being deemed suitable. Despite the statistical superiority of models, care is needed in deciding whether to use climatic variables because they may emphasize the fundamental rather than the realized niche. Used together, however, habitat and climate models can provide new insights into factors limiting species distributions and how they may respond to climate change.S. Suárez-Seoane (degsss@unileon.es),

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can climate data from METEOSAT improve wildlife distribution models?

Suárez‐Seoane¹,

Osborne²,

Rosema³

2004

Ecography

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“…Five major agricultural regions can be discerned in Europe as described by Kostrowicki (1991). These regions are determined by both environmental and socioeconomic factors.…”

Section: Agriculture and Forestry In Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Present and Future Climate Variability on Agriculture and Forestry in the Temperate Regions: Europe

Maracchi

Sirotenko²,

Bindi³

2005

Climatic Change

264

107

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Agriculture and forestry will be particularly sensitive to changes in mean climate and climate variability in the northern and southern regions of Europe. Agriculture may be positively affected by climate change in the northern areas through the introduction of new crop species and varieties, higher crop production and expansion of suitable areas for crop cultivation. The disadvantages may be determined by an increase in need for plant protection, risk of nutrient leaching and accelerated breakdown of soil organic matter. In the southern areas the benefits of the projected climate change will be limited, while the disadvantages will be predominant. The increased water use efficiency caused by increasing CO 2 will compensate for some of the negative effects of increasing water limitation and extreme weather events, but lower harvestable yields, higher yield variability and reduction in suitable areas of traditional crops are expected for these areas. Forestry in the Mediterranean region may be mainly affected by increases in drought and forest fires. In northern Europe, the increased precipitation is expected to be large enough to compensate for the increased evapotranspiration. On the other hand, however, increased precipitation, cloudiness and rain days and the reduced duration of snow cover and soil frost may negatively affect forest work and timber logging determining lower profitability of forest production and a decrease in recreational possibilities. Adaptation management strategies should be introduced, as effective tools, to reduce the negative impacts of climate change on agricultural and forestry sectors.Climatic Change (2005) 70: 117-135 c Springer 2005

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“…Moreover, due to seasonal temperature changes, the geographical alteration of the distribution of insect vectors enhances the risk of infectious diseases. Concerning agriculture, as classified by Kostrowicki (1991) and stated by Maracchi et al (2005), Mediterranean countries are in the so-called third zone, characterized by diverse patterns of agriculture, ranging from a marked oriented type with mainly typical crop cultivation (e.g. fruit trees) to considerable areas of traditional type.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal temperatures over Italy and their relationship with low-frequency atmospheric circulation patterns

et al. 2009

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An analysis of Italian seasonal temperatures from 1961 to 2006 was carried out, using homogenized data from 49 synoptic stations well distributed throughout Italy. The results show remarkable differences among seasons. Stationarity characterizes winter series, except for Northern Italy (where a warming trend from 1961 is identified); a positive trend over the entire period is recognized for spring series. Summer series are marked by a negative trend until 1981 and by a positive trend afterwards; finally, autumn series show a warming starting from 1970. The relationship between seasonal temperatures and four teleconnection patterns (North Atlantic Oscillation, East Atlantic Pattern, Scandinavian Pattern and Arctic Oscillation) influencing European climate was investigated through Spearman rank correlation and composites. Among the results, the strong linear correlation with the East Atlantic Pattern in all seasons but autumn is remarkable; moreover, the explained variance varies between 31.9% and 50.4% (leaving out autumn). Besides these four atmospheric patterns the role of other factors (e.g. soil moisture) is not dealt with, but their importance and the need for more investigation is pointed out.

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Trends in the Transformation of European Agriculture

Cited by 13 publications

References 5 publications

Can climate data from METEOSAT improve wildlife distribution models?

Can climate data from METEOSAT improve wildlife distribution models?

Impacts of Present and Future Climate Variability on Agriculture and Forestry in the Temperate Regions: Europe

Seasonal temperatures over Italy and their relationship with low-frequency atmospheric circulation patterns

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