Trends in the Social Responsibility Expenditures of Small and Medium Enterprises from Oradea

Abstract

In the context of corporate social responsibility studies there is a gap in understanding these actions at small and medium enterprises (SME

The Relationship between Firm Size and Age, and Its Social Responsibility Actions—Focus on a Developing Country (Romania)

“…The effect of firm characteristics on CSR involvement was also demonstrated for Romanian SMEs [60]. Using data regarding the amounts offered by SMEs as donations or sponsorships, the authors proved that the amount donated is explained, mainly, by a firm's size (measured by turnover and number of employees) and age.…”

Challenges and Vulnerabilities on Public Finance Sustainability. A Romanian Case Study

“…We also find a direct link between the idea or desideratum of sustainable finances and the economic potential of each country, due to the fact that a high level of indebtedness prevents sustainable growth, which has led specialized literature to address an econometric model to estimate the causality between the sustainability of public debt and economic growth (Woo and Kumar 2015;Radulescu 2003;Săveanu 2015;Wilson 2010;Badinger and Reuter 2015;Joireman et al 2005;Neyapti and Bulut-Cevik 2014;Afonso 2005;Fatás and Mihov 2009;Neaime 2015;Blanchard et al 1990). As a rationale that justifies the implication of some variables like ageing costs on public finance sustainability, some authors note that public finance sustainability is synonymous with the concept of fiscal sustainability, which is focused on identifying the major challenges from this area, to better evaluatedebt through some important criteria: Liquidity, solvency, and realistic adjustment criteria, taking into account demographic aspects (Blanchard et al 1990;Polito and Wickens 2005;Tanner and Samake 2008).…”

“…Several papers include empirical approaches concerning public finance sustainability of countries, the most common being focused on various and mixed methodology involving many instruments to measure sustainability. Referring to the example of some international organizations, regarding the International Monetary Fund (IMF), we identify the use of such tools as the ALM (Asset and Liability Management) model or the QUEST model developed by the European Commission, which is based on the analysis of many variables, where the simulation is relevant only if primary data entered in the model are correct (Chan-Lau and Santos 2010; Woo and Kumar 2015;Radulescu 2003;Săveanu 2015;Wilson 2010;Badinger and Reuter 2015;Joireman et al 2005;Neyapti and Bulut-Cevik 2014;Afonso 2005;Fatás and Mihov 2009;Neaime 2015;Blanchard et al 1990;Polito and Wickens 2005;Tanner and Samake 2008;Pinheiro and Geraldes 2007). Other authors (Blanchard et al 1990;Alho et al 2008), introduce an Index of Sustainability, calculated as the difference between the sustainable tax rate and the effective rate of taxation in the economy.…”

“…This law transposes five fiscal rules to achieve the budgetary objectives, set by Protocol 12 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union TFEU and Stability Pact, but given the fact that the body responsible for monitoring compliance with rules, i.e., the Fiscal Council, has a consultative role, the consolidation of public finance sustainability is still lacking. However, it is revealed that the Romanian fiscal system is characterized by imbalances that require correction regarding inefficient fiscal management and excessive bureaucracy, things that invoke the need for a radical reform of the tax collection system, to ensure a significant increase in collected revenue and a reduction in the related administrative costs (Radulescu 2003;Săveanu 2015;Wilson 2010).…”

Public Finance Sustainability in Romania - Challenges and Vulnerabilities

“…Moreover, it is well known that the Romanian fiscal system is characterized by imbalances that require correction on the direction of inefficient fiscal management and excessive bureaucracy, things that invoke also the needs of a radical reform of the tax collection system to ensure a significant increase in collected revenue and a reduction in the related administrative costs [3,4,5].…”