Trends in the incidence of primary liver cancer in Central Uganda, 1960–1980 and 1991–2005

Ocama, Ponsiano; Nambooze, Sarah; Opio, Christopher; Shiels, Meredith S.; Wabinga, Henry; Kirk, Gregory D.

doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6604893

Cited by 29 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…Possibly it related to increasing obesity or alcohol consumption. 21 Liver cancer risk was not significantly related to HIV infection in a cohort study in Kampala. 22 Cancer of the cervix uteri is the most common cancer of women as it has been since the 1950s.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 93%

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Trends in the incidence of cancer in Kampala, Uganda 1991-2010

et al. 2014

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The Kampala cancer registry is the longest established in Africa. Trends in incidence rates for a 20-year period (1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010) for Kyadondo County (Kampala city and a rural hinterland) illustrate the effects of changing lifestyles in urban Africa, and the effects of the epidemic of HIV-AIDS. There has been an overall increase in the risk of cancer during the period in both sexes, with incidence rates of major cancers such as breast and prostate showing particularly marked increases (3.7% and 5.2% annually, respectively). In the 1960s cancer of the oesophagus was the most common cancer of men (and second in women), and incidence in the last 20 years has not declined. Cancer of the cervix, always the most frequent cancer of women, has shown an increase over the period (1.8% per year), although the rates appear to have declined in the last 4 years. HIV prevalence in adults in Uganda fell from a maximum in 1992 to a minimum (about 6%) in 2004, and has risen a little subsequently, while availability of antiretroviral drugs has risen sharply in recent years. Incidence of Kaposi sarcoma in men fell until about 2002, and has been relatively constant since then, while in women there has been a continuing decline since 2000. Other HIV related cancers-non-Hodgkin lymphoma of younger adults, and squamous cell carcinoma of conjunctiva-have shown major increases in incidence, although the former (NHL) has shown a small decline in incidence in the most recent 2 years. IntroductionKampala Cancer Registry (KCR) was established in 1954 with the aim of obtaining information on cancer occurrence in the population of Kyadondo County which includes Kampala city the capital of Uganda. 1 The registry is located in the Department of Pathology of the Makerere University College of Health Sciences, and achieved adequate coverage of the population in 1960. However, after 10 years, registration activity became confined to the recording of pathology diagnoses, during the period of dictatorship and civil war in the 1970s and 1980s. Full coverage of the Kyadondo population was achieved again in 1989 and has continued since then. 2The registry provides the longest time series of cancer incidence in Africa. This makes the data of special value of cancer surveillance and research, particularly in monitoring the epidemic of HIV/AIDS and as a baseline for analytical studies and intervention studies. Screening programmes are now in existence especially for cancer of the cervix, as a consequence of the very high incidence rates recorded by the registry in previous reports.In a previous paper 3 we presented cancer incidence data from KCR for a 16-year time period (1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006). Here we update this analysis, including more recent data, to identify the consistency or otherwise of the previously observed trends. Materials and MethodsSubmission to the registry is volun...

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Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Possibly it related to increasing obesity or alcohol consumption. 21 Liver cancer risk was not significantly related to HIV infection in a cohort study in Kampala. …”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Trends in the incidence of cancer in Kampala, Uganda 1991-2010

et al. 2014

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“…Indeed analysis from Kampala cancer registry indicated an increase of PHC among women over the periods 1960-1980 and 1991 to 2005. The reason for this increase needs further studies 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Hepatitis B virus and HIV infection among patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma in Kampala, Uganda

Ocama¹,

Opio²,

Kagimu³

et al. 2011

Af Hlth Sci

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Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the commonest cause of primary hepatocellular (PHC) carcinoma worldwide. Coinfection with the HIV leads to more rapid progression of liver disease. Objectives: We described prevalence of HBV and HIV among patients with PHC admitted to Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. Methods:We assessed all patients admitted to the gastrointestinal service of Mulago hospital with a diagnosis of PHC for HBV and HIV infection. Results: From March to June 2008, we recruited 15 patients. Nine (60%) were male; the overall median age was 32 years (IQR 15 -67), with median ages for male and female 33 and 36 years respectively. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and AFP were all elevated with median values of 57.5 IU/L, 222 IU/L, 392 IU/L and 362 ng/ml respectively (IQR 14-145, 49-393, 165-1294 and 7-480). Eight (53%) patients were from North and Northeastern Uganda. The HBsAg was reactive in 13(87%) patients and HIV in 3(20%), all of whom were also co-infected with HBV. Conclusion: There is high prevalence of HBV and HBV/HIV co-infection among patients with PHC in Uganda with high mortality. Reduction in incidence and mortality due to PHC in Uganda will require urgent large scale HBV vaccination.

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“…Existe um consenso na literatura, apresentado por diversos estudos nacionais e internacionais, sobre uma maior ocorrência deste câncer no sexo masculino 17,18,19,20 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified