Trends in the identification of organic residues and contaminants: EC regulations under revision

André, François; Wasch, Katia K.G De; Brabander, H.F. De; Impens, Sandra; Stolker, Linda; Ginkel, Leen van; Stephany, R. W.; Schilt, R.; Courtheyn, D.; Bonnaire, Yves; Fürst, Peter; Gowik, Petra; Kennedy, Glenn; Kühn, Thomas; Moretain, Jean-Pierre; Sauer, Maurice J.

doi:10.1016/s0165-9936(01)00085-1

Cited by 79 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…5, this applies to the CID for the nicotine peak at m/z 163 where fragments of m/z 131, 120, 106, 84, 80 and 44 are seen both in the sample and the standard. [13] Other peaks commonly found in the MS of smokers but at low intensity included those at m/z 177, which have been shown from CID fragmentation to be due to the presence of nicotine metabolite cotinine and at m/z 199, which are probably due to the sodiated cation of cotinine as a peak at this value was observed in the fingermark spiked with cotinine and developed with the same hydrophobic powder (Fig. 1(b)).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Direct detection of nicotine and cotinine in dusted latent fingermarks of smokers by using hydrophobic silica particles and MS

Benton¹,

Rowell

Sundar³

et al. 2009

Surface & Interface Analysis

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Sub-micron sized hydrophobic silica particles doped with carbon black have been employed with latent fingermarks on glass and metal surfaces to develop a simple method for detecting nicotine and cotinine using surface assisted laser desorption/ionisationtime of flight-mass spectrometry (SALDI-TOF-MS) in positive ion reflectron mode. Dusting of surfaces enables location of marks for conventional identification of details but the particles also act as a laser desorption/ionisation enhancing agent (LDI) equivalent to a standard matrix enhancer 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid used in matrix assisted LDI-TOF-MS (MALDI-TOF-MS). The method has been applied in the analysis of smokers' latent fingermarks on metal and glass surfaces. The metal surfaces were analysed following direct MS analysis of the pre-dusted prints, while the glass surfaces were analysed following lifting using commercial tape, and then MS analysis of these pre-dusted prints. In all cases of smokers, a major peak at m/z 163 (nicotine+1) and a less intense peak at m/z 161 (possibly anatabine+1) were found in the prints and in some cases additional peaks at 177 (cotinine+1) and 199 (possibly cotinine+Na) were observed. The presence of nicotine and cotinine in smokers' marks was confirmed using SALDI-TOF-MS-MS following high energy collision-induced dissociation when characteristic fragmentation patterns were observed for each compound.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Direct detection of nicotine and cotinine in dusted latent fingermarks of smokers by using hydrophobic silica particles and MS

Benton¹,

Rowell

Sundar³

et al. 2009

Surface & Interface Analysis

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show abstract

“…Of the methods reported in Table 3, LC -MS 2 using triple quadrupole (QqQ) in selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode is the top analytical methodology now selected for simultaneous, unambiguous identification/ or confirmation and quantification of antibiotic residues [5,6,42].…”

Section: Interpretation Of Mass Spectral Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of substances with an established permitted limit the detection capability CC b is the concentration at which the method is able to detect permitted limit concentrations with a statistical certainty of 1 -b. In the case of substances for which no permitted limit has been established the detection capability CC b is the lowest concentration at which a method is able to detect truly contaminated samples with a statistical certainty of 1 -b [5,41,42].…”

Section: Ms Technique Identification Points Earned Per Ionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐residue methods for confirmatory determination of antibiotics in milk

Samanidou¹,

Nisyriou²

2008

J of Separation Science

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The prevalent use of antibiotics, e. g. sulphonamides, tetracyclines, beta-lactams, macrolides, aminoglycosides, etc., in dairy farming to prevent and treat microbial infections e. g. mastitis, can be a potential source of veterinary drug residues in milk. Antibiotic residues constitute a risk to human health, since they can cause allergic reactions in hypersensitive individuals or they may lead to the appearance of drug-resistant bacteria. Analysis of these residues plays a key role in ensuring food safety. Regulatory agencies in the European Union and in other countries have established maximum residue limits and requirements concerning the performance of analytical methods and the interpretation of the results. This review describes the state of the art in the analytical strategies concerning the multi-class as well as the multi-residue analysis of antibiotics in milk. Since milk is a complex matrix due to its high protein and fat content, which often interfere in analytical procedures, special focus has been placed on sample preparation: extraction and clean-up. Confirmation of antibiotic residues according to European Decision 657/2002/EC has been also discussed.

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“…It can be a basis for comparing the resolving power of various detection schemes, and for allowing different confirmation criteria depending on detection technology. This approach is the underlying principle behind a recently-proposed system of Identification Points for confirmatory analysis [17]. In principle this is reasonable, but assigning a value for Selectivity Index of a given method requires assumptions, or else a considerable effort to build a consensus estimate.…”

Section: Assessing Qualitative Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There has been at least one attempt to compare various methodologies on a consensus-basis, as is suggested in Figure 5 [14]. [14]); (b) that the cumulative selectivity of multiple steps in a single method might be described with Selectivity Indices (references [14 -16]) or Identification Points (reference [17]). Figure 6.…”

Section: Assessing Qualitative Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing the fitness for purpose of mass spectrometric methods

Bethem¹,

Boison

Gale

et al. 2003

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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This report is submitted by a working group sponsored by the ASMS Measurements and Standards Committee. The group responded to a 1998 opinion piece dealing with mass spectrometry in trace analysis (Bethem, R. A.; Boyd, R. K. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 1998, 9, 643-648) which proposed that the concept of fitness for purpose addresses the needs of a wide range of analytical problems. There is a need to define fitness for purpose within the current context of mass spectrometry and to recommend processes for developing and evaluating methods according to suitability for a particular purpose. The key element in our proposal is for the interested parties to define in advance the acceptable degree of measurement uncertainty and the desired degree of identification confidence. These choices can serve as guideposts during method development and targets for retrospective evaluation of methods. A series of more detailed recommendations are derived from basic principles and also from reviews of current practice. This report highlights some areas where consensus is evident, but also revealed the need for further work in other areas. The recommendations are aimed primarily for the laboratory analyst but we hope they will be accessible to the non-scientist as well. Our goal was to provide a framework that can support informed decisions and foster discussion of the issues, because ultimately it is the responsibility of the analyst to make choices, provide supporting data, and interpret results according to scientific principles and qualified judgment. (J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2003, 14, 528 -541)

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Trends in the identification of organic residues and contaminants: EC regulations under revision

Cited by 79 publications

References 2 publications

Direct detection of nicotine and cotinine in dusted latent fingermarks of smokers by using hydrophobic silica particles and MS

Direct detection of nicotine and cotinine in dusted latent fingermarks of smokers by using hydrophobic silica particles and MS

Multi‐residue methods for confirmatory determination of antibiotics in milk

Establishing the fitness for purpose of mass spectrometric methods

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