Trends in the dynamics of morbidity and mortality from hypertension in the Republic of Kazakhstan from 2010 to 2019

Abstract

Aim: The purpose of the research is to study trends in the dynamics of morbidity and mortality from arterial hypertension in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2010-2019. Materials and Methods: Due to the interdisciplinary nature of the study, a set of methods was used: analytical, graph-analytical, statistical, sociological, clinical and economic analysis, organizational experiment. Results: The survey of 318 hypertension patients highlighted a common profile: hypertensive men aged 45-59, smokers, alcohol drinkers, urban dwellers, married with children, industrially employed, physically active at their country house, and facing stress. Gender differences showed 74.4% of hypertensive women were over 50, while a fifth of men were under 45, with higher risk factors in men: smoking (1.87), alcohol (2.53), occupational hazards (2.76), and harsh climates (2.54). Conclusions: The analysis findings reveal noteworthy trends within the hypertension patient population in Kazakhstan. Despite a decline in hypertension prevalence and initial occurrences, along with reduced relative hospitalization rates between 2010 and 2019, mortality linked to hypertension-related causes and the occurrence of heart attacks have remained relatively steady in recent times.

Factors associated with maternal mortality in Kazakhstan: a pre- and during-pandemic comparison

“…Furthermore, in the USA the number of maternal mortality cases grew with maternal age ( 43 ). A study from Kazakhstan reported that higher age associated with greater mortality risk in this period, and from 2019 to 2021 in Kazakhstan, there was a rise in mortality rates among women aged 35–39 from 0.48 to 4.37 per 100,000 individuals ( 48 , 49 ). Overall, even before the pandemic, obesity and high school non-completion were identified as important contributors to maternal mortality, while access to healthcare services and resources, family factors, such as revenue and education, and ecological determinants as poverty, gender inequality, human development also played a role ( 3 , 6 , 50 ).…”