Trends in Stage I Lung Cancer

Singareddy, Aashray; Flanagan, Mary Ellen; Samson, Pamela; Waqar, Saiama N.; Devarakonda, Siddhartha; Ward, Jeffrey P.; Herzog, Brett H.; Rohatgi, Anjali; Robinson, C.G.; Gao, Feng; Govindan, Ramaswamy; Morgensztern, Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.cllc.2022.11.005

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…11,12 The implementation of annual LDCT screening has been associated with reduced mortality 13,14 and downstaging of initial diagnoses. 15–19 However, recent estimates of the overall screening adherence and annual adherence rates following baseline screening for eligible individuals were only 5.8% 20 and 22.3%, 21 respectively. These low adherence rates are influenced by various factors including patient access to LDCT and bottlenecks in clinical practice workflows as well as concerns related to increase radiation exposure 14 and the reported false-positive rates of up to 96.4% 22 for LDCT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-omics profiling with untargeted proteomics for blood-based early detection of lung cancer

Koh,

Liu,

Almonte

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Blood-based approaches to detect early-stage cancer provide an opportunity to improve survival rates for lung cancer, the most lethal cancer world-wide. Multiple approaches for blood-based cancer detection using molecular analytes derived from individual ‘omics (cell-free DNA, RNA transcripts, proteins, metabolites) have been developed and tested, generally showing significantly lower sensitivity for early-stage versus late-stage cancer. We hypothesized that an approach using multiple types of molecular analytes, including broad and untargeted coverage of proteins, could identify biomarkers that more directly reveal changes in gene expression and molecular phenotype in response to carcinogenesis to potentially improve detection of early-stage lung cancer. To that end, we designed and conducted one of the largest multi-omics, observational studies to date, enrolling 2513 case and control subjects. Multi-omics profiling detected 113,671 peptides corresponding to 8385 protein groups, 219,729 RNA transcripts, 71,756 RNA introns, and 1801 metabolites across all subject samples. We then developed a machine learning-based classifier for lung cancer detection comprising 682 of these multi-omics analytes. This multi-omics classifier demonstrated 89%, 80%, and 98-100% sensitivity for all-stage, stage I, and stage III-IV lung cancer, respectively, at 89% specificity in a validation set. The application of a multi-omics platform for discovery of blood-based disease biomarkers, including proteins and complementary molecular analytes, enables the noninvasive detection of early-stage lung cancer with the potential for downstaging at initial diagnosis and the improvement of clinical outcomes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-omics profiling with untargeted proteomics for blood-based early detection of lung cancer

Koh,

Liu,

Almonte

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Similar results to those obtained in other studies have also shown a recent significant increase in women [ 5 , 13 ]. The most likely cause is the increase in the main risk factor for lung cancer in women, smoking, as women have been modifying their habits and progressively increasing their tobacco consumption [ 2 , 14 ], leading to this increase in lung cancer incidence rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In terms of gender differences in incidence rates, it is worth noting that the gender gap in lung cancer mortality has narrowed significantly in recent years [ 12 ]. While the incidence rate is decreasing in men, it has increased significantly in women [ 5 , 13 ], evidencing a change in the most important risk factor for lung cancer, smoking [ 14 ], as women started smoking tobacco in larger quantities later, and also took longer to quit [ 2 ]. Changes in smoking patterns date back to the 1970s, with increasing prevalence rates in women peaking in the 1990s [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective Study of Lung Cancer: Evolution in 16 Years in the Burgos Region

Gutiérrez Herrero,

Núñez-Rodríguez,

Collazo

et al. 2024

JCM

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Background: This study investigates the evolution of lung cancer in the population of Burgos over more than a decade, focusing on key variables such as age, gender, histology, and stage of diagnosis. The aim is to understand how incidence rates and patterns have changed over time, especially in terms of early diagnosis. Methods: Retrospective data were collected from the Burgos University Hospital using histological or clinicoradiological methods. This data collection approach enabled a comprehensive examination of lung cancer trends in the province. Results: The results reveal an overall decrease in lung cancer incidence rates in men, offset by a steady increase in women. Histological analysis highlights a significant increase in adenocarcinoma, accounting for 43% of cases in the last year studied. Despite diagnostic advances, almost half of the diagnoses were made at stage IV, with no statistically significant change from previous years, highlighting persistent challenges in early diagnosis. Conclusions: The findings will not only inform resource management and prevention but could also have a significant impact on improved screening strategies and future lung cancer research.

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“…Screening for lung cancer with low-dose CT is offered for a high-risk population of current and previous smokers in the US [ 5 ], while the majority of European countries do not have a full-scale lung cancer screening program [ 6 , 7 ]. The implementation of CT screening in the US has led to an increase in the proportion of stage I lung cancer [ 8 , 9 ]; however, some non-screening countries have also reported an uptick in early-stage lung cancer cases [ 10–12 ]. This has been speculated to be linked to the globally increased use of CT scans and subsequent detection and management of incidental pulmonary nodules (IPNs) [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidental pulmonary nodules may lead to a high proportion of early-stage lung cancer: but it requires more than a high CT volume to achieve this

Borg,

Bodtger,

Kristensen

et al. 2024

European Clinical Respiratory Journal

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Background The management of pulmonary nodules plays a critical role in early detection of lung cancer. Computed tomography (CT) has led to a stage-shift towards early-stage lung cancer, but regional differences in survival rates have been reported in Denmark. This study aimed to evaluate whether variations in nodule management among Danish health regions contributed to these differences. Material and Methods The Danish Health Data Authority and Danish Lung Cancer Registry provided data on CT usage and lung cancer stage distribution, respectively. Auditing of lung cancer stage IA patient referrals and nodule management of stage IV lung cancer patients was conducted in seven Danish lung cancer investigation centers, covering four of the five Danish health regions. CT scans were performed up to 2 years before the patients’ diagnosis from 2019 to 2021. Results CT usage has increased steadily in Denmark over the past decade, with a simultaneous increase in the proportion of early-stage lung cancers, particularly stage IA. However, one Danish health region, Region Zealand, exhibited lower rates of early-stage lung cancer and overall survival despite a CT usage roughly similar to that of the other health regions. The audit did not find significant differences in pulmonary nodule management or a higher number of missed nodules by radiologists in this region compared to others. Conclusion This study suggests that a high CT scan volume alone is not sufficient for the early detection of lung cancer. Factors beyond hospital management practices, such as patient-related delays in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas, may contribute to regional differences in survival rates. This has implications for future strategies for reducing these differences.

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Trends in Stage I Lung Cancer

Cited by 11 publications

References 29 publications

Multi-omics profiling with untargeted proteomics for blood-based early detection of lung cancer

Multi-omics profiling with untargeted proteomics for blood-based early detection of lung cancer

Retrospective Study of Lung Cancer: Evolution in 16 Years in the Burgos Region

Incidental pulmonary nodules may lead to a high proportion of early-stage lung cancer: but it requires more than a high CT volume to achieve this

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