Trends in solventless sample preparation techniques for environmental analysis

Wardencki, Waldemar; Curyło, Janusz; Namieśnik, Jacek

doi:10.1016/j.jbbm.2006.07.004

Cited by 136 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…The analysis of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds that contribute to wine aroma has been carried out following different methodologies, such as liquid-liquid extraction [4,8,9], purge and cold trapping extraction [10], simultaneous distillation-extraction [11], supercritical fluid extraction [12], solid-phase extraction [13] and ultrasound extraction [14]. However, most of these approaches present several disadvantages, including expensive equipment requirements, significant amounts of environmentally unfriendly solvents, multiple handling steps that increase error, and the need for a concentration step to achieve detectable levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentialities of two solventless extraction approaches—Stir bar sorptive extraction and headspace solid-phase microextraction for determination of higher alcohol acetates, isoamyl esters and ethyl esters in wines

Perestrelo

Nogueira

2009

Talanta

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a b s t r a c tA stir bar sorptive extraction with liquid desorption followed by large volume injection coupled to gas chromatography-quadrupole mass spectrometry (SBSE-LD/LVI-GC-qMS) was evaluated for the simultaneous determination of higher alcohol acetates (HAA), isoamyl esters (IsoE) and ethyl esters (EE) of fatty acids. The method performance was assessed and compared with other solventless technique, the solidphase microextraction (SPME) in headspace mode (HS). For both techniques, influential experimental parameters were optimised to provide sensitive and robust methods. The SBSE-LD/LVI methodology was previously optimised in terms of extraction time, influence of ethanol in the matrix, liquid desorption (LD) conditions and instrumental settings. Higher extraction efficiency was obtained using 60 min of extraction time, 10% ethanol content, n-pentane as desorption solvent, 15 min for the back-extraction period, 10 mL min −1 for the solvent vent flow rate and 10• C for the inlet temperature. For HS-SPME, the fibre coated with 50/30 m divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS) afforded highest extraction efficiency, providing the best sensitivity for the target volatiles, particularly when the samples were extracted at 25• C for 60 min under continuous stirring in the presence of sodium chloride (10% (w/v)). Both methodologies showed good linearity over the concentration range tested, with correlation coefficients higher than 0.984 for HS-SPME and 0.982 for SBES-LD approach, for all analytes. A good reproducibility was attained and low detection limits were achieved using both SBSE-LD (0.03-28.96 g L −1 ) and HS-SPME (0.02-20.29 g L −1 ) methodologies. The quantification limits for SBSE-LD approach ranging from 0.11 to 96.56 g L − and from 0.06 to 67.63 g L −1 for HS-SPME. Using the HS-SPME approach an average recovery of about 70% was obtained whilst by using SBSE-LD obtained average recovery were close to 80%. The analytical and procedural advantages and disadvantages of these two methods have been compared.Both analytical methods were used to determine the HAA, IsoE and EE fatty acids content in "Terras Madeirenses" table wines. A total of 16 esters were identified and quantified from the wine extracts by HS-SPME whereas by SBSE-LD technique were found 25 esters which include 2 higher alcohol acetates, 4 isoamyl esters and 19 ethyl esters of fatty acids. Generally SBSE-LD provided higher sensitivity with decreased analysis time.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentialities of two solventless extraction approaches—Stir bar sorptive extraction and headspace solid-phase microextraction for determination of higher alcohol acetates, isoamyl esters and ethyl esters in wines

Perestrelo

Nogueira

2009

Talanta

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“…For reviews on SDME, the reader should consult refs. [321][322][323][324][325]. Liu and Dasgupta reported a 'dropin-drop' configuration in which a 1.3-lL organic drop, suspended in a larger aqueous drop, extracts the analyte of interest.…”

Section: Single-drop Micro-extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern Methods of Sample Preparation for GC Analysis

Koning¹,

Janssen

Brinkman

2009

Chroma

122

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Today, a wide variety of techniques is available for the preparation of (semi-) solid, liquid and gaseous samples, prior to their instrumental analysis by means of capillary gas chromatography (GC) or, increasingly, comprehensive two-dimensional GC (GC 9 GC). In the past two decades, a large number of 'modern' sample-preparation techniques has been introduced, which have partly superseded their 'classical' counterparts. These novel techniques include off-line and on-line (sometimes semi-or fully automated) procedures, and exhaustive extraction as well as equilibrium techniques. In order to improve overall performance, aspects such as essentially organic solvent-less approaches, large-volume injection and miniaturization receive increasing attention. In most recent applications, mass spectrometric or element-selective detection have been used. The present review discusses the advantages and disadvantages, and relative performance, of most of the modern samplepreparation techniques and cites a number of illustrative applications for each of them.

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“…Extraction techniques rely primarily on the enrichment of an analyte to a concentration above the limit of detection if the instrument used, also enable interferents to be removed during measurement and isolation of analytes from sample matrix and/or matrix simplification [1], [5]- [7]. Microextraction techniques find increasing applications in the sample preparation step before chromatographic determination of analytes in samples with a complex composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Sample Preparation Techniques for Chromatographic Determination of Small Organic Compounds

Namieśnik¹,

Spietelun²,

Marcinkowski³

2015

IJCEA

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Abstract-Accurate monitoring of the state of the environment requires the introduction of additional isolation and/or preconcentration step prior to the chromatographic determination. In this work the information about novel methodological and instrumental solutions in relation to different variants of microextraction techniques are presented. Attention is focused on analytical procedure and suitable analytical tools for extraction of the analytes from samples with a complex matrix composition and on minimazing of organic solvent consumption. The described modifications of extraction techniques deal with system miniaturization and/or automation, the use of additional agents to enhance the effectiveness of extraction like ultrasound and physical agitation, and electrochemical methods. Particular attention was given to pro-ecological aspects therefore the possible use of novel, non-toxic extracting agents and selective sorbents have been evaluated in depth.

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Trends in solventless sample preparation techniques for environmental analysis

Cited by 136 publications

References 79 publications

Potentialities of two solventless extraction approaches—Stir bar sorptive extraction and headspace solid-phase microextraction for determination of higher alcohol acetates, isoamyl esters and ethyl esters in wines

Potentialities of two solventless extraction approaches—Stir bar sorptive extraction and headspace solid-phase microextraction for determination of higher alcohol acetates, isoamyl esters and ethyl esters in wines

Modern Methods of Sample Preparation for GC Analysis

Green Sample Preparation Techniques for Chromatographic Determination of Small Organic Compounds

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