Trends in size of tropical deforestation events signal increasing dominance of industrial-scale drivers

Austin, Kemen; González‐Roglich, Mariano; Schaffer‐Smith, Danica; Schwantes, Amanda M.; Swenson, Jennifer J.

doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aa6a88

Cited by 71 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The central region of South America experiences variable human influence from burning in the arc of deforestation and consequently sees larger IAV in CO compared to the southern region. There is also a recent decrease in the magnitude of positive anomalies over South America (supporting information Figure S4) that could be a response to a slow down in deforestation on the continent, mainly in Brazil (Austin et al, ; Jiang et al, ; Reddington et al, ).…”

Section: Iav In Comentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While ignition of fires in the present era is predominantly due to humans (Bowman et al, 2011;Costafreda-Aumedes et al, 2017), fire intensity and burned area are related to the amount, type, and dryness of available fuel, which respond to climate-driven water availability combined with ecosystem responses (van der Werf et al, 2008). Consequently, the magnitude of emissions from biomass burning, such as for CO, is connected to climate variability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Links Between Carbon Monoxide and Climate Indices for the Southern Hemisphere and Tropical Fire Regions

et al. 2018

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In the Southern Hemisphere and tropics, the main contribution to carbon monoxide (CO) variability is from fire emissions, which are connected to climate through the availability, type, and dryness of fuel. Here we assess the data‐driven relationships between CO and climate, aiming to predict atmospheric loading during fire seasons. Observations of total column CO from the Measurements Of Pollution In The Troposphere satellite instrument are used to build a record of monthly anomalies between 2001 and 2016, focusing on seven biomass burning regions of the Southern Hemisphere and tropics. With the exception of 2015, the range of absolute variability in CO is similar between regions. We model CO anomalies in each of the regions using climate indices for the climate modes: El Niño–Southern Oscillation, Indian Ocean Dipole, Tropical South Atlantic, and Antarctic Oscillation. Stepwise forward and backward variable selection is used to choose from statistical regression models that use combinations of climate indices, at lag times between 1 and 8 months relative to CO anomalies. The Bayesian information criterion selects models with the best predictive power. We find that all climate mode indices are required to model CO in each region, generally explaining over 50% of the variability and over 70% for tropical regions. First‐order interaction terms of the climate modes are necessary, producing greatly improved explanation of CO variability over single terms. Predictive capability is assessed for the Maritime Southeast Asia and the predicted peak CO anomaly in 2015 is within 20% of the measurements.

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Section: Iav In Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Links Between Carbon Monoxide and Climate Indices for the Southern Hemisphere and Tropical Fire Regions

et al. 2018

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“…Areas exposed to the highest deforestation risk included the Atlantic Forests in Brazil; the Yucatan peninsula in Mexico; northern Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam; Sumatra and coastal Borneo; East Africa; and western Madagascar. The Brazilian Amazon had a very low deforestation risk most likely driven by the reduction in deforestation in the Amazon in the latter half of the deforestation time-period (2007-2014) [67,68]. Deforestation impacts PAs through reducing habitat for species of concern, degrading ecosystem services, and decreasing the ecosystem resilience to climate change.…”

Section: Global Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical Protected Areas Under Increasing Threats from Climate Change and Deforestation

Tabor

Hewson

Tien

et al. 2018

Land

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Abstract:Identifying protected areas most susceptible to climate change and deforestation represents critical information for determining conservation investments. Development of effective landscape interventions is required to ensure the preservation and protection of these areas essential to ecosystem service provision, provide high biodiversity value, and serve a critical habitat connectivity role. We identified vulnerable protected areas in the humid tropical forest biome using climate metrics for 2050 and future deforestation risk for 2024 modeled from historical deforestation and global drivers of deforestation. Results show distinct continental and regional patterns of combined threats to protected areas. Eleven Mha (2%) of global humid tropical protected area was exposed to the highest combined threats and should be prioritized for investments in landscape interventions focused on adaptation to climate stressors. Global tropical protected area exposed to the lowest deforestation risk but highest climate risks totaled 135 Mha (26%). Thirty-five percent of South America's protected area fell into this risk category and should be prioritized for increasing protected area size and connectivity to facilitate species movement. Global humid tropical protected area exposed to a combination of the lowest deforestation and lowest climate risks totaled 89 Mha (17%), and were disproportionately located in Africa (34%) and Asia (17%), indicating opportunities for low-risk conservation investments for improved connectivity to these potential climate refugia. This type of biome-scale, protected area analysis, combining both climate change and deforestation threats, is critical to informing policies and landscape interventions to maximize investments for environmental conservation and increase ecosystem resilience to climate change.

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“…In the southeastern part of Cote d'Ivoire, where large parts of rainforest have been converted into oil palm plantations, several outbreaks of yellow fever and dengue have been documented (Komono ), and around 60 examples of linkage between deforestation and land‐use changes, and increases in mosquito populations and malaria risk were noted by Yasuoka and Levins (). It should be pointed out, though, that the effects that deforestation has had on human malaria is complex, where the changes from low to high, high to low, and no change in prevalence is very region specific (Austin et al , Bamou et al , Tucker et al ). Another example of the devastating effects of habitat disturbances was in Hawaii, where virulent Plasmodium relictum infected native Hawaiian birds and led to their deaths and extinction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of deforestation on the abundance, diversity, and richness of Culex mosquitoes in a southwest Cameroon tropical rainforest

Mayi

Foncha

Kowo

et al. 2019

Journal of Vector Ecology

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Deforestation is a major threat to biodiversity but little data exist on how deforestation in real‐time affects the overall mosquito species community despite its known role in the transmission of diseases. We compared the abundance and diversity of Culex mosquitoes before and after deforestation along a gradient of three different anthropogenic disturbance levels in a tropical rainforest in southwestern Cameroon. The collections were conducted in unlogged forest (January, 2016), selectively logged forest (January, 2017), and within a young palm plantation (October, 2017) using net traps, sweep nets, resting traps, and dipping for immature stages in water bodies. Mosquitoes were morphologically identified to subspecies, groups, and species. A total of 2,556 mosquitoes was collected of which 1,663 (65.06%) belong to the genus Culex, (n=427 (25.68%) in the unlogged forest; n=900 (54.12%) in the selectively logged forest; and n=336 (20.2%) in the young palm plantation) with a significant difference among the habitats. Diversity and richness of mosquitoes varied significantly among habitats with the highest values found in the selectively logged forest (H=2.4; DS=0.87; S=33) and the lowest value in the unlogged forest (H=1.37; DS=0.68; S=13). The results of this study showed that deforestation affects the abundance and diversity of Culex mosquitoes and favors the invasion of anthropophilic mosquitoes. Higher mosquito abundance and diversity in the selectively logged forest than in the pristine forest is notable and some explanations for these differences are discussed.

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Trends in size of tropical deforestation events signal increasing dominance of industrial-scale drivers

Cited by 71 publications

References 36 publications

Links Between Carbon Monoxide and Climate Indices for the Southern Hemisphere and Tropical Fire Regions

Links Between Carbon Monoxide and Climate Indices for the Southern Hemisphere and Tropical Fire Regions

Tropical Protected Areas Under Increasing Threats from Climate Change and Deforestation

Impact of deforestation on the abundance, diversity, and richness of Culex mosquitoes in a southwest Cameroon tropical rainforest

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