Trends in recreational fisheries and reef fish community structure indicate decline in target species population in an isolated tropical oceanic island

Guabiroba, Helder Coelho; Santos, Maria Eduarda Alves; Pinheiro, Hudson T.; Simon, Thiony; Pimentel, Caio R.; Vilar, Ciro C.; Joyeux, Jean‐Christophe

doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105194

Cited by 17 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The S. axillare population at TRI could be especially vulnerable to the effects of overfishing given the level genetic divergence and inferred isolation, and because the likely direction of any migration is toward the coast (Pinheiro et al 2010). Although at TRI and other oceanic islands (São Pedro and São Paulo Archipelago) no-take areas have recently been established, thus increasing the country's marine protected areas, these MPAs are still loosely regulated to commercial and recreational fisheries (Guabiroba et al 2020). Our results support the notion that the Brazilian oceanic islands are an important repository of unique genetic variation (Pinheiro et al 2015(Pinheiro et al , 2017Mazzei et al 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic structure of the threatened Gray Parrotfish (Sparisoma axillare) in the Southwestern Atlantic

et al. 2022

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Despite the marine environment being typified by a lack of obvious barriers to dispersal, levels of genetic divergence can arise in marine organisms from historical changes in habitat availability, current oceanographic regimes and anthropogenic factors. Here we describe the genetic structure of the Gray Parrotfish, Sparisoma axillare, and identify environmental variables associated with patterns of genetic divergence throughout most of its distribution in Brazil. The heavily exploited Gray Parrotfish is endemic to Brazil, and there is lack of data on population structure that is needed to support sustainable management. To address this shortfall we analyzed 5429 SNPs from individuals sampled in nine locations, ranging from tropical to subtropical reef systems and costal to oceanic environments with varying levels of protection. We found low levels of genetic structure along the coast, including the oceanic island of Fernando de Noronha, and that a combination of water depth, ocean currents and geographic distance were the major drivers explaining genetic divergence. We identified a distinct genetic population around Trindade Island, 1000 km from the coast, highlighting the conservation significance of this population. Colonization of this oceanic site probably occurred during the Pleistocene periods of lower sea levels, allowing this shallow water-dependent species to use the seamount chain as stepping stones to Trindade. Our data further suggest that two protected areas, Costa dos Corais and Fernando de Noronha, likely play an important role as larval sources for much of the species distribution.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic structure of the threatened Gray Parrotfish (Sparisoma axillare) in the Southwestern Atlantic

et al. 2022

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“…Participation in these activities appears to be on the decline in the US, with a decrease in recreational fishing and hunting practices in Minnesota (Soga and Gaston 2016) and a decrease in demand for fishing and hunting licenses nationally (Pergams and Zaradic 2008). In contrast, one study reported a rapid increase in recreational fishing in Trinidad, with subsequent negative impacts on local reef fish communities (Guabiroba et al 2020). Sometimes qualified as consumptive (Clayton et al 2017), these forms of EoN may not have the same effect on individuals as non-extractive activities, given that participation in hunting and fishing may promote a sense of domination over nature, which can discourage pro-environmental attitudes (Ghasemi and Kyle 2022).…”

Section: Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A global synthesis of trends in human experience of nature

Cazalis

Loreau

Barragan‐Jason

2022

Frontiers in Ecol & Environ

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The popular perception that humans are undergoing a global extinction of “experience of nature” (EoN) is poorly supported by empirical evidence. Here, we provide – to the best of our knowledge – the first global systematic review of trends in EoN, identifying only 18 studies that measured temporal trends in EoN. Of those 18 studies, several reported negative trends over time for both direct EoN (for example, in‐person visits to parklands) and vicarious EoN (specifically, the presence of nature in cultural products, such as movies or books), and all were biased toward North America, Western Europe, and Japan. As an initial proxy for understudied regions, we calculated past trends in three metrics of global EoN opportunities and show that, over the past decades, the locations where humans live have shifted away from the natural world and become more urban, while forest cover in cities has decreased. Overall, our results suggest that while EoN may be declining globally, existing evidence is insufficient to assess the magnitude and generality of this phenomenon.

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“…The biggest species occurring in the Brazilian Province reaches more than 80 cm (greenback parrotfish Scarus trispinosus), and the large size makes it an obvious target. Currently, parrotfishes in Brazil are targeted by recreational and commercial fishing activities (Pinheiro et al, 2010;Nunes et al, 2012;Bender et al, 2014;Freitas et al, 2019;Guabiroba et al, 2020;Roos et al, 2020) and have traditionally been caught without any restriction and poor monitoring. However, 4 years ago, the Brazilian government published a list of endangered aquatic species, prohibiting the fishing of four endangered parrotfish species: Scarus trispinosus, Scarus zelindae, Sparisoma axillare, and Sparisoma frondosum (Figure 2).…”

Section: Inverted Management: the New Recovery Plan For Parrotfishes mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, although parrotfishes are distributed along the whole Brazilian coast (Roos et al, 2015), inside and outside MPAs, they show the highest biomass in isolated or protected sites (Morais et al, 2017), what reduces the "spill in" potential. Some of the Brazilian oceanic islands sustain apparently isolated populations which demands specific management (Guabiroba et al, 2020) and would not function as source for coastal populations.…”

Section: Caveats and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Inverted Management Strategy for the Fishery of Endangered Marine Species

et al. 2021

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Overfishing is notorious for triggering population collapses and disrupting marine biological functioning worldwide. To counter such a threat, policy-makers have created and implemented multiple management strategies, but most were incapable to prevent the decline of several key species. Here, we discuss a new management strategy in force since June 2019 in Brazil that aims to deter the overfishing of parrotfish species of the genera Scarus and Sparisoma. This innovative strategy, here referred to as inverted management, allows the capture of endangered parrotfish species inside management areas, such as partially protected marine areas—MPAs, but bans it elsewhere. This initiative is supposed to be built in a partnership among the government, scientists, managers, and fishers. If implemented correctly, endangered species would recover in the much larger area outside MPAs, and fishers would benefit from the conservation-value of the scarce and valued product. However, to succeed, the strategy depends on the adoption of a series of challenging management rules that are not currently being enforced along an extensive coastline. So far, few MPAs have incorporated rules for endangered species in their management plan, and those that have done so have no plans or the means to enforce them. Therefore, fishing of endangered species is currently ongoing without any management or monitoring in the entire Brazilian coast. Concerned with the challenges to develop plans to recover populations of endangered species faced by Brazilian managers, we suggest wide communication and a ban on the fisheries until management plans are implemented. Additionally, we suggest that the effectiveness of the inverted management strategy for parrotfishes should be assessed before it’s applied to other endangered species.

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Trends in recreational fisheries and reef fish community structure indicate decline in target species population in an isolated tropical oceanic island

Cited by 17 publications

References 41 publications

Genetic structure of the threatened Gray Parrotfish (Sparisoma axillare) in the Southwestern Atlantic

Genetic structure of the threatened Gray Parrotfish (Sparisoma axillare) in the Southwestern Atlantic

A global synthesis of trends in human experience of nature

An Inverted Management Strategy for the Fishery of Endangered Marine Species

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