Trends in Prescribed Central Nervous System Depressant Medications Among Adults Who Regularly Consume Alcohol: United States 1999 to 2014

Borodovsky, Jacob T.; Krauss, Melissa J.; Chi, Tingying; Bierut, Laura J.; Grucza, Richard A.

doi:10.1111/acer.14081

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“… 12 Medication data were limited to prescriptions for 30 days or more to exclude short-term medications for acute medical issues. 12 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Medication use was matched to Lexicon Plus by NHANES, which used Cerner Multum Inc to classify medications by therapeutic medication categories. 8 , 12 We tabulated 23 total benzodiazepines, encompassing short-acting agents, long-acting medications, and selective benzodiazepine receptor modulators (“Z-drugs” [eg, zolpidem]). Based on established methods in previous studies, 8 , 12 opioid narcotics included more than 60 generic and brand-name prescription pain medications 12 (full classification scheme details in eTable 1 in the Supplement ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of 43 793 respondents participating in in-home interviews, fewer than 0.05% (n = 24) were missing prescription medication data or refused to answer. 12 Medication data were limited to prescriptions for 30 days or more to exclude short-term medications for acute medical issues. 12 Medication use was matched to Lexicon Plus by NHANES, which used Cerner Multum Inc to classify medications by therapeutic medication categories.…”

Section: Ascertainment Of Medication Use Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Medication data were limited to prescriptions for 30 days or more to exclude short-term medications for acute medical issues. 12 Medication use was matched to Lexicon Plus by NHANES, which used Cerner Multum Inc to classify medications by therapeutic medication categories. 8,12 We tabulated 23 total benzodiazepines, encompassing short-acting agents, long-acting medications, and selective benzodiazepine receptor modulators ("Z-drugs" [eg, zolpidem]).…”

Section: Ascertainment Of Medication Use Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 1 , 6 , 7 The danger of benzodiazepine-opioid cotreatment is thus a timely issue, as 20% to 30% of all benzodiazepine recipients in the US are estimated to have an opioid coprescription 8 and more than 30% of opioid overdose deaths are found to involve benzodiazepines. 9 , 10 , 11 Despite a recent plateau in overall opioid use in the US, 8 , 12 , 13 benzodiazepine-opioid coprescriptions continue to increase. 2 , 8 , 14 , 15 , 16 It is tempting to infer elevated mortality risk attributable to benzodiazepines alone or in combination with opioids, but this topic has proven challenging to study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association Between Benzodiazepine Use With or Without Opioid Use and All-Cause Mortality in the United States, 1999-2015

Hartz

Borodovsky

et al. 2020

JAMA Netw Open

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Key Points Question Is benzodiazepine use, with or without opioid use, an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality or a marker for underlying conditions associated with death? Findings In this cohort study of 5212 individuals from a large, nationally representative data set, it was found that benzodiazepine use, with or without opioid use, was associated with a doubling in all-cause mortality risk in comparison with the use of low-risk antidepressants. These findings persisted even after adjustment for sociodemographic variables and comorbidity burden. Meaning This study suggests that benzodiazepine and opioid cotreatment may confer an increased long-term mortality risk; targeted interventions are needed to decrease overprescribing.

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“… 12 Medication data were limited to prescriptions for 30 days or more to exclude short-term medications for acute medical issues. 12 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ascertainment Of Medication Use Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ascertainment Of Medication Use Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Association Between Benzodiazepine Use With or Without Opioid Use and All-Cause Mortality in the United States, 1999-2015

Hartz

Borodovsky

et al. 2020

JAMA Netw Open

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Predictors of job stress and alcohol consumption amongst university professors

Pereira

Donato²,

Pillon³

et al. 2022

Archives of Psychiatric Nursing

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Medication adverse events in the ambulatory setting: A mixed-methods analysis

Wong

Lee

Sarkar

et al. 2022

American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy

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Disclaimer In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time. Purpose To characterize ambulatory care adverse drug events reported to the Collaborative Healthcare Patient Safety Organization (CHPSO), a network of 400 hospitals across the United States, and identify addressable contributing factors. Methods We abstracted deidentified ambulatory care CHPSO reports compiled from May 2012 to October 2018 that included medication-related adverse events to identify implicated medications and contributing factors. We dual-coded 20% of the sample. We quantitatively calculated co-occurring frequent item sets of contributing factors and then applied a qualitative thematic analysis of co-occurring sets of contributing factors for each drug class using an inductive analytic approach to develop formal themes. Results Of 1,244 events in the sample, 208 were medication related. The most commonly implicated medication classes were anticoagulants (n = 97, or 46% of events), antibiotics (n = 24, 11%), hypoglycemics (n = 19, 9%), and opioids (n = 17, 8%). For anticoagulants, timely follow-up on supratherapeutic international normalized ratio (INR) values often occurred before the development of symptoms. Incident reports citing antibiotics often described prescribing errors and failure to review clinical contraindications. Reports citing hypoglycemic drugs often described low blood sugar events due to a lack of patient education or communication. Reports citing opioids often described drug-drug interactions, commonly involving benzodiazepines. Conclusion Ambulatory care prescribing clinicians and community pharmacists have the potential to mitigate harm related to anticoagulants, antibiotics, hypoglycemics, and opioids. Recommendations include increased follow-up for subtherapeutic INRs, improved medical record integration and chart review for antibiotic prescriptions, enhanced patient education regarding hypoglycemics, and alerts to dissuade coprescription of opioids and benzodiazepines.

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Trends in Prescribed Central Nervous System Depressant Medications Among Adults Who Regularly Consume Alcohol: United States 1999 to 2014

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Association Between Benzodiazepine Use With or Without Opioid Use and All-Cause Mortality in the United States, 1999-2015

Association Between Benzodiazepine Use With or Without Opioid Use and All-Cause Mortality in the United States, 1999-2015

Predictors of job stress and alcohol consumption amongst university professors

Medication adverse events in the ambulatory setting: A mixed-methods analysis

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