Trends in Molecular Diagnosis of Nosocomial Pneumonia Classic PCR vs. Point-of-Care PCR: A Narrative Review

Bălan, A; Bodolea, Constantin; Trancă, Sebastian; Hagău, Natalia

doi:10.3390/healthcare11091345

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 135 publications

(221 reference statements)

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“…7 In this cohort, all respiratory samples were from endotracheal aspirates. Molecular methods for the diagnosis of nosocomial pneumonia such as pointof-care (eg, PCR tests) 8 were unavailable and not utilized. Earlyonset VAP was defined as VAP occurring within 4 days of hospitalization, while late-onset VAP was defined as VAP occurring on day 5 or later.…”

Section: Definition Of Termsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidrug-resistant VAP before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among hospitalized patients in a tertiary private hospital

Aligui,

Abad

2023

ASHE

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Background: There is limited data on ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and multidrug-resistant VAP (MDR VAP) among COVID-19 patients. Methods: A retrospective study in a single, tertiary, private hospital in the Philippines was conducted comparing the incidence, profile, and patient outcomes of MDR VAP during the pre-COVID-19 (2018–2019) and COVID-19 (2020–2021) periods. Results: In total, 80/362 (22%) patients developed VAP, 27/204 (33.75%) from pre-COVID-19 and 53/158 (66.25%) from the COVID-19 period, respectively. The majority were male [20/27 (74%) vs 34/53 (64%)], with a median age of 66 (range 35–90) and 67 (range 32–92) years in each period, respectively. Comorbidities were similar, except cardiovascular disease (14/27 vs 11/53 patients, p-value 0.005) and chronic lung disease (14/27 vs 9/53 patients, p-value 0.0012). VAP incidence density was 19.3/1000 and 27.8/1000 ventilator days (p-value 0.9819)]; median length of stay before VAP for pre- and COVID-19 periods was 17 and 10 days, respectively (p-value <0.0001). Extended-spectrum β lactamase (ESBL)-producing resistance increased significantly [1/27 (3.7%) pre-COVID-19 vs 15/53 (28.3%)] during COVID-19, while Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae resistance was higher in the pre-COVID-19 period (15/27 [56%] vs 10/53 [19%]). Mortality was high in both periods at 93% and 83%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, only female gender was associated with MDR VAP in the COVID-19 period (OR =3.47, [CI 1.019, 11.824], p-value < 0.047). Conclusion: The frequency of VAP and MDR VAP increased during the COVID-19 period, despite a shorter duration of hospital stay. The mortality of VAP was extremely high. Factors associated with increased risk of VAP and COVID-19 need to be studied further, and preventive measures should be prioritized.

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Section: Definition Of Termsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidrug-resistant VAP before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among hospitalized patients in a tertiary private hospital

Aligui,

Abad

2023

ASHE

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Present and Future Non-Culture-Based Diagnostics: Stewardship Potentials and Considerations

Craney,

Miller

2024

Clinics in Laboratory Medicine

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Advancing Pathogen Identification: The Role of Digital PCR in Enhancing Diagnostic Power in Different Settings

Mirabile,

Sangiorgio,

Bonacci

et al. 2024

Diagnostics

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Digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) has emerged as a groundbreaking technology in molecular biology and diagnostics, offering exceptional precision and sensitivity in nucleic acid detection and quantification. This review highlights the core principles and transformative potential of dPCR, particularly in infectious disease diagnostics and environmental surveillance. Emphasizing its evolution from traditional PCR, dPCR provides accurate absolute quantification of target nucleic acids through advanced partitioning techniques. The review addresses the significant impact of dPCR in sepsis diagnosis and management, showcasing its superior sensitivity and specificity in early pathogen detection and identification of drug-resistant genes. Despite its advantages, challenges such as optimization of experimental conditions, standardization of data analysis workflows, and high costs are discussed. Furthermore, we compare various commercially available dPCR platforms, detailing their features and applications in clinical and research settings. Additionally, the review explores dPCR’s role in water microbiology, particularly in wastewater surveillance and monitoring of waterborne pathogens, underscoring its importance in public health protection. In conclusion, future prospects of dPCR, including methodological optimization, integration with innovative technologies, and expansion into new sectors like metagenomics, are explored.

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Trends in Molecular Diagnosis of Nosocomial Pneumonia Classic PCR vs. Point-of-Care PCR: A Narrative Review

Cited by 3 publications

References 135 publications

Multidrug-resistant VAP before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among hospitalized patients in a tertiary private hospital

Multidrug-resistant VAP before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among hospitalized patients in a tertiary private hospital

Present and Future Non-Culture-Based Diagnostics: Stewardship Potentials and Considerations

Advancing Pathogen Identification: The Role of Digital PCR in Enhancing Diagnostic Power in Different Settings

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