Trends in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Hospitalizations in the United States, 2010-2014

Klein, Eili Y.; Mojica, Nestor; Jiang, Wendi; Cosgrove, Sara E.; Septimus, Edward; Morgan, Daniel J.; Laxminarayan, Ramanan

doi:10.1093/cid/cix640

Cited by 92 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The widespread use of antibiotics has led to an increasing incidence of bacterial resistance, beginning with the emergence of multidrug resistant strains such as MRSA, which has been regarded as clinically important problem and has also attracted extensive attention from domestic and foreign research experts (Pichereau and Rose, 2010;Klein et al, 2017). Although the mortality rate of MRSA infection has declined in some European countries in recent years, MRSA is still a serious public health challenge worldwide (Rayner and Munckhof, 2005).…”

Section: Concluding Remarkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Therapies of Antibiotic-Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus

Guo

Song

Sun

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

511

350

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Infectious diseases are the second most important cause of human death worldwide; Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a very common human pathogenic microorganism that can trigger a variety of infectious diseases, such as skin and soft tissue infections, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, bacteremia, and lethal pneumonia. Moreover, according to the sensitivity to antibiotic drugs, S. aureus can be divided into methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In recent decades, due to the evolution of bacteria and the abuse of antibiotics, the drug resistance of S. aureus has gradually increased, the infection rate of MRSA has increased worldwide, and the clinical anti-infective treatment for MRSA has become more difficult. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that the resistance mechanisms of S. aureus are very complex, especially for MRSA, which is resistant to many kinds of antibiotics. Therefore, understanding the drug resistance of MRSA in a timely manner and elucidating its drug resistance mechanism at the molecular level are of great significance for the treatment of S. aureus infection. A large number of researchers believe that analyzing the molecular characteristics of S. aureus can help provide a basis for designing effective prevention and treatment measures against hospital infections caused by S. aureus and further monitor the evolution of S. aureus. This paper reviews the research status of MSSA and MRSA, the detailed mechanisms of the intrinsic antibiotic resistance and the acquired antibiotic resistance, the advanced research on anti-MRSA antibiotics and novel therapeutic strategies for MRSA treatment.

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Section: Concluding Remarkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Therapies of Antibiotic-Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus

Guo

Song

Sun

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

511

350

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…More than 11,000 people in the United States died from MRSA bloodstream infection in 2011 alone . In addition, one study found that the rate of MRSA septicemia per 1000 hospitalizations using the National Inpatient Survey from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project of the Agency for Health Research and Quality increased slightly from 1.45 in 2010 to 1.53 in 2014 (p=0.04). Vancomycin has been the antibiotic of choice for invasive MRSA infections for nearly 60 years, but the effectiveness of vancomycin monotherapy for MRSA bloodstream infection is being questioned .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Administration of Adjuvant β‐Lactam Therapy in Combination with Vancomycin among Patients with Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infection: A Retrospective, Multicenter Analysis

et al. 2017

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“…Such factors are multi‐factorial and include climate, that is, higher rates in warmer climate, social and healthcare factors. For example, extensive versus more restrictive use of antibiotics and hospital infection control policies in CF and non‐CF . Specifically, antimicrobial stewardship programs with reduced use of antibiotics are associated with reduced rates of MRSA …”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, extensive versus more restrictive use of antibiotics and hospital infection control policies in CF 55 and non-CF. 56 Specifically, antimicrobial stewardship programs with reduced use of antibiotics are associated with reduced rates of MRSA. 57 transmission of mecA is possible, person-to-person transmission is considered to be the main source of infection with MRSA.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology and management of methicillin resistantStaphylococcus aureusin cystic fibrosis

Akil

Muhlebach

2018

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Staphylococcus aureus is one of the earliest bacteria isolated from the respiratory tract in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Its methicillin resistant form, MRSA, has gained attention due to the rapid increase in the last decades and worse outcomes with chronic infection. In the United States, prevalence of MRSA in CF is around 27%, but is much lower (3-18%) in most other countries. Methicillin is typically genetically encoded by the mecA gene, which encodes for an alternative penicillin binding protein (PRBa). This PRBa has low affinity to β-lactams, thereby enabling growth of S. aureus in the presence of penicillinase resistant penicillins and most other β-lactams. Non-mecA positive strains of MRSA, so-called borderline resistant (BORSA) have also been described. In addition to production of toxins, the virulence of S. aureus is conferred by its adaptability allowing persistence in face of antibiotic therapies and host defense. These adaptive growth mechanisms include small colony variants, biofilms, and growth under anaerobic conditions. Several reports have described successful eradication of MRSA, yet only two randomized trials of eradication during early infection have been conducted. A list of MRSA specific antibiotics with dosing relevant to CF patients is presented here. Many of these require special dosing in people with CF. Novel antibiotics are in trials for skin and soft tissue infections and it is unclear if and when those might be available for lung infections. Thus the best strategies for MRSA would be primary prevention.

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Trends in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Hospitalizations in the United States, 2010-2014

Cited by 92 publications

References 9 publications

Prevalence and Therapies of Antibiotic-Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus

Prevalence and Therapies of Antibiotic-Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus

Early Administration of Adjuvant β‐Lactam Therapy in Combination with Vancomycin among Patients with Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infection: A Retrospective, Multicenter Analysis

Biology and management of methicillin resistantStaphylococcus aureusin cystic fibrosis

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