Trends in life expectancy: did the gap between the healthy and the ill widen or close?

Meyer, Anna C.; Drefahl, Sven; Ahlbom, Anders; Lambe, Mats; Modig, Karin

doi:10.1186/s12916-020-01514-z

Cited by 55 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…These results partially support the findings of previous noncontrolled studies on the effectiveness of art therapy on psychological outcomes in cancer care [30][31][32][33]. This is somewhat encouraging, because novel, evidence-based interventions to improve psychological outcomes for cancer patients are urgently needed, especially in view of the increased life expectancy of this patient population [34], which prolongs the period of being ill. Whereas QoL is considered of main importance by cancer patients [35], psychological needs are still unrecognized and undertreated [36].…”

Section: Interpretationssupporting

confidence: 85%

The effects of art therapy on anxiety, depression, and quality of life in adults with cancer: a systematic literature review

Bosman

Bood

Scherer-Rath

et al. 2020

Support Care Cancer

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Purpose While there is increasing evidence for the effectiveness of psychosocial support programs for cancer patients, little attention has been paid to creativity or art as a way of addressing their psychological problems and improving quality of life. This review provides an overview of interventional studies that investigate the effects of art therapy interventions on anxiety, depression, and quality of life in adults with cancer. Methods We conducted a literature review with a systematic search. The databases PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and EMBASE were searched for articles on art therapy among adult (18 years and above) cancer patients, published between September 2009 up to September 2019. Search terms were established for each database specifically. A total of 731 publications was assessed for relevance by title and abstract. The remaining 496 articles were examined using three inclusion criteria: interventions were guided by an artist or art therapist, participants were actively involved in the creative process, and anxiety, depression, and/or quality of life were included as outcome measures. Methodological quality of the included studies was appraised using specific checklists. Results Seven papers met the inclusion criteria. Data was extracted from three non-randomized intervention studies and four randomized controlled trials. All studies used a quantitative design with validated outcome measures. Four articles described positive effects of art therapy on anxiety, depression, or quality of life in adults with cancer. Conclusion Art therapy could possibly help decrease symptoms of anxiety and depression, and improve quality of life in adult cancer patients. However, because of the heterogeneity of the interventions and limited methodological quality of the studies, further research using stringent methods is needed.

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Section: Interpretationssupporting

confidence: 85%

The effects of art therapy on anxiety, depression, and quality of life in adults with cancer: a systematic literature review

Bosman

Bood

Scherer-Rath

et al. 2020

Support Care Cancer

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“…Out of 100,000 inhabitants, an overall 23% increase in bacteraemia patients was registered during the 15-year period. It has been theorised that the increase in bacteraemia patients could be a result of an increasing aging population [24]; however, in our study, and in the study by Søgaard et al [1] as well as Nielsen et al [25], the median age remained stable around 72 years between 1992 and 2014 (data not shown). The increase could also be explained by increased sepsis awareness [26] as well as continuous improvements in BC methodology resulting in improved bacterial detection [27].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

Decrease in All-Cause 30-Day Mortality after Bacteraemia over a 15-Year Period: A Population-Based Cohort Study in Denmark in 2000–2014

Holm

Jansåker

Gradel

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Introduction: Bacteraemia is a frequent infectious condition that strongly affects morbidity and mortality. The incidence is increasing worldwide. This study explores all-cause 30-day mortality after bacteraemia in two out of Denmark’s five healthcare regions with approximately 2.4 million inhabitants. Methods: Clinically significant bacteraemia episodes (n = 55,257) were identified from a geographically well-defined background population between 2000 and 2014, drawing on population-based data regarding bacterial species and vital status. All-cause 30-day mortality was assessed in relation to bacteraemia episodes, number of patients with analysed blood cultures and the background population. Results: We observed a decreasing trend of all-cause 30-day mortality between 2000 and 2014, both in relation to the number of bacteraemia episodes and the background population. Mortality decreased from 22.7% of the bacteraemia episodes in 2000 to 17.4% in 2014 (annual IRR [95% CI]: 0.983 [0.979–0.987]). In relation to the background population, there were 41 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants in 2000, decreasing to 39 in 2014 (annual IRR [95% CI]: 0.988 [0.982–0.993]). Numbers of inhabitants, bacteraemia episodes, and analysed persons having BCs increased during the period. Conclusions: All-cause 30-day mortality in patients with bacteraemia decreased significantly over a 15-year period.

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“…Further longitudinal studies are need to clarify whether targeting patients with early stages of CKD may help to prevent QoL decline. Table 4 Probability of having low quality of life (QoL 0-50) in CKD groups with older adults with eGFR < 45 ml/min/1.73 m 2 vs. older adults with eGFR > =45 ml/min/1.73 m 2 (left column), and right column CKD groups with older adults with eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73 m 2 Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated by Berlin Initiative Study (BIS) equation [31], and categorized as < 60, < 45 or < 30 ml/min/1.73m 2 .…”

Section: Study Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The importance of Quality of life (QoL) in old age was acknowledged in the WHO report on healthy aging 2015 [1]. However, rising life expectancy worldwide is not limited to the healthy population, but also affects subpopulations with a history of disease, which contribute to make QoL a relevant outcome in terms of public health among older people [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impaired kidney function is associated with lower quality of life among community-dwelling older adults

et al. 2020

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Background Quality of life (QoL) refers to the physical, psychological, social and medical aspects of life that are influenced by health status and function. The purpose of this study was to measure the self-perceived health status among the elderly population across Europe in different stages of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Methods Our series consisted of 2255 community-dwelling older adults enrolled in the Screening for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) among Older People across Europe (SCOPE) study. All patients underwent a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA), including included demographics, clinical and physical assessment, number of medications taken, family arrangement, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Cumulative Illness Rating Scale, History of falls, Lower urinary tract symptoms, and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated by Berlin Initiative Study (BIS) equation. Quality of life was assessed by Euro Qol questionnaire (Euro-Qol 5D) and EQ-Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS). The association between CKD (eGFR < 60, < 45 ml or < 30 ml/min/1.73m2) and low EQoL-VAS was investigated by multivariable logistic regression models. Results CKD was found to be significantly associated with low EQoL-VAS in crude analysis (OR = 1.47, 95%CI = 1.16–1.85 for eGFR< 60; OR = 1.38, 95%CI = 1.08–1.77 for eGFR< 45; OR = 1.57, 95%CI = 1.01–2.44). Such association was no longer significant only when adjusting for SPPB (OR = 1.20, 95%CI = 0.93–1.56 for eGFR< 60; OR = 0.87, 95%CI = 0.64–1.18 for eGFR< 45; OR = 0.84, 95%CI = 0.50–1.42), CIRS and polypharmacy (OR = 1.16, 95%CI = 0.90–1.50 for eGFR< 60; OR = 0.86, 95%CI = 0.64–1.16 for eGFR< 45; OR = 1.11, 95%CI = 0.69–1.80) or diabetes, hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR = 1.28, 95%CI = 0.99–1.64 for eGFR< 60; OR = 1.16, 95%CI = 0.88–1.52 for eGFR< 45; OR = 1.47, 95%CI = 0.92–2.34). The association between CKD and low EQoL-VAS was confirmed in all remaining multivariable models. Conclusions CKD may significantly affect QoL in community-dwelling older adults. Physical performance, polypharmacy, diabetes, hypertension and COPD may affect such association, which suggests that the impact of CKD on QoL is likely multifactorial and partly mediated by co-occurrent conditions/risk factors.

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Trends in life expectancy: did the gap between the healthy and the ill widen or close?

Cited by 55 publications

References 46 publications

The effects of art therapy on anxiety, depression, and quality of life in adults with cancer: a systematic literature review

The effects of art therapy on anxiety, depression, and quality of life in adults with cancer: a systematic literature review

Decrease in All-Cause 30-Day Mortality after Bacteraemia over a 15-Year Period: A Population-Based Cohort Study in Denmark in 2000–2014

Impaired kidney function is associated with lower quality of life among community-dwelling older adults

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