Trends in Le Fort Fractures at a South American Trauma Care Center: Characteristics and Management

Abstract

the most common patient with a Le Fort fracture is an adult male, with a Le Fort II fracture due to a traffic accident requiring surgical fixation on zygomaticomaxillary suture.

Orofacial trauma in rural India: A clinical study

“…In our study road traffic accidents are the leading cause of orofacial injuries, which is in consonance with many of the published studies from other parts of India 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 and abroad. 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 In contrary to the results of our study, interpersonal violence was the most common cause of orofacial trauma in studies done in New Zealand, 21 North-eastern Brazil, 22 Thailand, 23 United Kingdom, 24 Australia 3 and Zimbabwe. 25 The reasons for this high frequency in Indian scenario are difficult to postulate but may be due to factors such as inadequate road safety awareness, unsuitable road conditions, violation of the speed limit and old vehicles without safety measures such as antibursts locks and energy absorbing materials.…”

“…The predominance of orofacial injuries in the younger age group is consistent with the findings of different published work. 2 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 The male predominance in our study agrees with what is reported in the literature. 2 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 Males are at greater risk due to their greater participation in high risk activities, which increases their exposure to risk factors such as driving vehicles, sports that involve physical contact, an active social life and drug use, including alcohol.…”

“… 3 The epidemiology of facial injuries varies in injury type, severity and depending upon the population studied. 4 Recent studies from India (Goa, 5 Bhopal, 6 Chennai, 7 Jammu, 8 Gujarat, 9 New Delhi 10 ) and from across the globe (China, 11 Italy, 12 South America, 13 South Korea 14 ) have shown that road traffic accidents are still the primary causes of facial trauma. The causes and pattern of orofacial injuries reflect trauma patterns within the community and, as such, can provide a guide to plan the programmes catered toward prevention and treatment.…”

Le Fort Fractures: A Collective Review

“…This review found that Le Fort fractures required open reduction and internal fixation in 60% of cases, 30% of cases were managed conservatively, and the remaining 10% of cases required no treatment. Open fixation for Le Fort fractures at the zygomatic buttress, zygomaticomaxillary suture, and the frontozygomatic suture provides stable fixation and sufficient anatomic repositioning when indicated [22]. Le Fort fractures are frequently accompanied by fractures of the hard palate, dentoalveolar unit, and the mandible.…”

“…Upon review of the literature, most Le Fort I fractures were accessed surgically through a gingivo-buccal sulcus approach, while Le Fort II and III fractures often required additional subciliary or transconjunctival approaches [4]. A coronal approach offers wide exposure of the zygomatic arch in Le Fort II and III fractures, but can result in complications secondary to the dissection of neurovascular structures [22].…”